Abstract
Fetal arrhythmia is usually first suspected through ausculatory or cardiotocographic findings. The clinical importance of fetal arrhythmia may vary from cases which are benign and self-limited to those that are sustained and associated with fetal congestive heart failure, hydrops and/or death.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Allan LD, Anderson RH, Sullivan ID, Campbell S, Holt DW, Tynan M. Spectrum of congenital heart disease detected echocardiographically in prenatal life. Br Heart J 1985; 523–526.
DeVore GR. The prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease—a practical approach for the fetal echocardiography. J Clin Ultrasound 1985; 13: 229–245.
DeVore GR, Siassi B, Platt LD. Fetal echocardiography. III. The diagnosis of cardiac arrhythmias using real-time directed M-mode ultrasound. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1983; 146: 792–799.
Silverman NH, Enderlein MA, Stanger P, Teitel DF, Heymann MA, Golbus MS. Recognition of fetal arrhythmias by echocardiography. J Clin Ultrasound 1985; 13: 255–263.
Strasburger JF, Huhta JC, Carpenter RJ, Garson A, McNamara DG. Doppler echocardiography in the diagnosis and management of peristent fetal arrhythmias. J Am Coll Cardiol 1986; 7: 1386–1391.
Gembruch U, Bald R, Hansmann M. Die farbkodierte M-mode-Doppler- Echokardiographie bei der Diagnostik fetaler Arrhythmien. Geburtsh Frauenheild 1990; 50: 286–290.
Gembruch U, Hansmann M, Redel DA, Bald R: Fetal two-dimensional Doppler echocardiography (color flow mapping) and its place in prenatal diagnosis. Prenat Diagn 1989; 9: 535–547.
Machado MVL, Tynan MJ, Curry PVL, Allan LD. Fetal complete heart block Br Heart J 1988; 60: 512–515.
Gembruch U, Hansmann M, Redel DA, Bald R, Knoepfle G. Fetal complete heart block: Antenatal diagnosis, significance and management. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1989; 30: 9–22.
Kleinman CS, Copel JA, Hobbins JC. Combined echocardiographic and Doppler assessment of fetal congenital atrioventricular block. Br J Obstet Gynecol 1987; 94: 967–974.
Carpenter RJ, Strasburger JF, Garson A, Smith RT, Deter RL, Engelhardt HT. Fetal ventricular pacing for hydrops secondary to complete atrioventricular block J Am Coll Cardiol 1986; 8: 1434–1436.
Van den Berg P, Gembruch U, Schmidt S, Hansmann M, Krebs D. Continuous fetal intrapartum monitoring in supraventricular tachycardia by atraumatic measurement of transcutaneous carbon dioxide tension. J Perinat Med 1989; 17: 371–374.
Decleer W, Schmidt S, Gorissen S, Gembruch U, Hansmann M, Krebs D. Kontinuierliche transkutane pCO2 Messung and Laserspektroskopie zur Geburtsueberwachung bei fetalem AV-Block 3. Grades. Geburtsh Frauenheilk 1990; 50: 227–230.
Bergmans MGM, Jonker GJ, Kock HCLV. Fetal supraventricular tachycardia. Review of literture. Obstet Gynecol Sury 1985; 40: 61–68.
Kleinman CS, Copel JA, Weinstein TV, Hobbins JC. In utero treatment of fetal supraventricular tachycardia. Semin Perinatol 1985; 9: 113–129.
Stewart PA, Wladimiroff JW. Cardiac tachyarrhythmia in the fetus: Diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. J Fetal Ther 1987; 2: 7–16.
Gembruch U, Hansmann M, Redel DA, Bald R Intrauterine therapy of fetal tachyarrhythmias: intraperitoneal administration of antiarrhythmic drugs to the fetus in fetal tachyarrhythmias with severe hydrops fetalis Perinat Med 1988; 16: 39–44.
Gembruch U, Manz M, Bald R, Rueddel H, Redel DA, Schlebusch H, Nitsch J, Hansmann M. Repeated intravascular treatment with amiodarone in fetus with refractory supraventricular tachycardia and hydrops fetalis. Am Heart J 1989; 118: 1335–1338.
Keefe DL, Miura D, Somberg JC. Supraventricular tachyarrhythmias: Their evaluation and therapy. Am Heart J 1986; 111: 1150–1161.
Schwartz A, Shen E, Morady F. Gillespie D, Scheinman M, Chatterjee D. Hemodynamic effects of intravenous amiodarone in patients with depressed left ventricular function and recurrent ventricular tachycardia. Am Heart J 1983; 108: 848–856.
Foster CL, Love HG. Amiodarone in pregnancy. Case report and review of the literature. Int J Cardiol 1988; 20: 307–316.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1993 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Gembruch, U., Bald, R., Redel, D.A., Manz, M., Hansmann, M. (1993). Fetal Arrhythmia: Diagnosis, Significance, and Management. In: Chatterjee, M.S. (eds) Biochemical Monitoring of the Fetus. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2259-8_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2259-8_12
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-0-387-97892-5
Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-2259-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive