Skip to main content

Lenticular Senescence and the Retina

  • Chapter
Presbyopia Research

Part of the book series: Perspectives in Vision Research ((PIVR))

  • 94 Accesses

Abstract

Ever since the time of Helmholtz, research workers have concerned themselves with why and how presbyopia occurs (Bito, 1988; Brückner, 1959). However, the matter has only rarely been approached from an evolutionary point of view (cf. Bito and Miranda, 1987). The outstanding question in this context is not so much why accommodation is lost in midlife as why it is well over 10 D in the very young. In what circumstances does anyone have to form detailed retinal images of objects a mere 8 or 10 cm from the eyes?

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Bito, L. Z., 1988, Presbyopia, Arch. Ophthalmol. 106:1526–1527.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bito, L. Z., and Miranda, O. C., 1987, Presbyopia, the need for a closer look, in: Presbyopia (L. Stark and G. Obrecht, eds.), Fairchild Publications, New York, pp. 411–429.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brückner, R., 1959, Über Methoden longitudinaler Alterns-forschung am Auge, Ophthalmologica 138:59–75.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brückner, R., Batschelet, E., and Hugenschmidt, F., 1987, The Basel longitudinal study on aging (1955–1978), Docum. Ophthalmol. 64:235–310.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Duane, A., 1912, Normal values of the accommodation at all ages, JAMA. 59:1010–1013.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Feeney-Burns, L., Hildebrand, E. S., and Eldridge, S., 1984, Aging human RPE: Morphometric analysis of macular, equatorial and peripheral cells, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 25:195–200.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harman, D., 1985, Role of free radicals in aging and disease, in: Relations between Normal Aging and Disease (A. H. Johnson, ed.), Raven Press, New York, pp. 45–84.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kay, C. D., and Morrison, J. D., 1987, A quantitative investigation into the effects of pupil diameter and defocus on contrast sensitivity for an extended range of spatial frequencies in natural and homatropinized eyes, Ophthalmol. Physiol. Opt. 7:21–30.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Keunen, J. E. E., Van Norren, D., and Van Meel, G., 1987, Density of foveal cone pigments at older age, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 28:985–991.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kilbride, P. E., Hutman, L. P., Fishman, M., and Read, J. S., 1986, Foveal cone pigment density difference in the aging human eye, Vision Res. 26:321–325.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lestienne, R., 1988, On the thermodynamical and biological interpretation of the Gompertzian mortality rate distribution, Mech. Ageing Dev. 42:197–214.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McBrien, N. A., and Millodot, M., 1986, Amplitude of accommodation and refractive error, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 27:1187–1190.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sloane, M. E., Owsley, C., and Alvarez, S. L., 1988, Aging, senile miosis and spatial contrast sensitivity at low luminance, Vision Res. 28:1235–1246.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sohal, R. S., and Wolfe, L. S., 1986, Lipofuscin: Characteristics and significance, Prog. Brain Res. 70:171–183.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Warner, H. R., Butler, R. N., Sprott, R. L., and Schneider, E. L. (eds.), 1987, Modern Biological Theories of Aging, Raven Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weale, R. A., 1963, New light on old eyes, Nature 198:944–946.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Weale, R. A., 1982, A Biography of the Eye—Development, Growth, Age, H. K. Lewis, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weale, R. A., 1988a, Age and the transmittance of the human crystalline lens, J. Physiol. (Lond.) 395:577–587.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Weale, R. A., 1988b, The senescent lens and the retinal pigment epithelium, Eye 2:157S–163S.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weale, R. A., 1990, Evolution, age, and ocular focus, Mech. Aging Dev. 53:85–89.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Weiter, J. J., Delori, F. C., Wing, G. L., and Fitch, K. A., 1986, Retinal pigment epithelium lipofuscin and melanin and choroidal melanin in human eyes, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 27:145–152.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wing, G. L., Blanchard, G. C., and Weiter, J. J., 1978, The topography and age relationship of lipofuscin concentration in the retinal pigment epithelium, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 17:601–607.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1991 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Weale, R. (1991). Lenticular Senescence and the Retina. In: Obrecht, G., Stark, L.W. (eds) Presbyopia Research. Perspectives in Vision Research. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2131-7_8

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2131-7_8

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-3217-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-2131-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics