Abstract
A mechanical neck has been constructed which simulates ±Gx human head motion in the automotive crash environment. The present design simulates head motion in the sagittal plane by means of a two pivot model. Pre-loading torques, as well as linear and non-linear torque elements, can be accommodated at each pivot location. The proposed method of validation is the matching of displacement-velocity response of the head as predicted by a two degree-of-freedom computer simulation with existing human data. Simulations have been performed using Daisy sled volunteer data; comparisons of head angular displacements and angular velocities show favorable correlation.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
C. A. Moffatt, E. H. Harris, and E. T. Haslam, “Experimental and Analytic Study of Dynamic Properties of the Human Leg”, ASME 69-BHF4, March 1969.
G. L. Gottlieb, G. C. Agarwal, “Dynamic Relationship between Isometric Muscule Tension and the Electromyogram in Man”, J. Applied Physiology 30: pp. 345–351, 1971.
H. J. Mertz and L. M. Patrick “Investigation of the Kinematics and Kinetics of Whiplash” 11th Stapp Car Crash Conference SAE paper no. 670919 New York.
H. J. Mertz and L. M. Patrick, “Strength and Response of the Human Neck”, 15th Stapp Car Crash Conference, 1971, SAE, New York.
Tarriere & Sapin “Biokinetic Study of the Head to Thorax Linkage” 13th Stapp Car Crash Conference pp. 365–380 SAE New York.
C. L. Ewing et al. “Living Human Dynamic Response to -Gx Impact Acceleration” 13th Stapp Car Crash Conference pp. 400–415 SAE New York.
C. L. Ewing, D. J. Thomas, “Human Head and Neck Response to Impact Acceleration”, NAMRL Monograph 21, August 1972.
R. F. Chandler R. A. Christian “Crash Testing of Humans in Automobile Seats” 1970 International Safety Conference Compendium SAE paper no. 700361.
Selected Test Data and Facilities; Holloman Air Force Base Daisy Decelerator, First Interim Report, NSL 67–218 (Rev 2 ), May 1967, Northrop Systems Laboratories.
H. T. E. Hertzberg G. S. Daniels “Anthropometry of Flying Personnel — 1950 WADC Technical Report 52–321.
C. W. Gadd, A. M. Nahum, C. C. Culver, “A Study if Responses and Tolerances of the Neck”. 15th Stapp Car Crash Conference, SAE, New York, 1971.
R. G. Snyder, D. B. Chaffin, and R. K. Schutz, “Joint Range of Motion and Mobility of the Human Torso”, 15th Stapp Car Crash Conference, SAE paper no. 710848, November 1971.
D. R. Wilkie, “The Relation between Force and Velocity in Human Muscle”, J. Physiology, London 110: pp. 249–280, 1950.
J. V. Basmajian, “Muscles Alive (Electromyography)”, Second Ed. Baltimore, Md.: Williams & Wilkins, 1967.
S. W. Alderson, “The Development of Anthropomorphic Test Dummies to Match Specific Human Responses to Accelerations and Impacts”, 11th Stapp Car Crash Conference, SAE, New York, 1967.
R. 0. Godby, S. B. Browning, D. S. Belski, E. R. Taylor, “Anthropometric Measurements of Human Sled Subjects”, Tech. Doc. Report ARL-TDR-63–13; DDC Report AD 407668, 1963.
F. Latham, “Linear Deceleration Studies and Human Tolerance”, Institute of Aviation Medicine, Royal Air Force, DDC Report AD 141044, 1957.
H. T. E. Hertzberg Ed. “Annotated Bibliography of Applied Physical Anthropology in Human Engineering” WADC Technical Report 56–30.
W. T. Dempster, “Space Requirements of the Seated Operator”, WADC Technical Report 55–159, 1955.
C. L. Ewing et al, “Dynamic Response of the Head and Neck of the Living Human to -Gx Impact Acceleration” 12th Stapp Car Crash Conference pp. 424–439 SAE New York.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1973 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Haffner, M.P., Cohen, G.B. (1973). Progress in the Mechanical Simulation of Human Head-Neck Response. In: King, W.F., Mertz, H.J. (eds) Human Impact Response. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1502-6_14
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1502-6_14
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-1504-0
Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-1502-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive