Abstract
There exist several reports in the literature on the distribution of serotonin (5-HT), dopamine (DA) and noradrenaline (NA) in the limbic system of laboratory animals (Paasonen et al, 1957; Brownstein et al, 1974; Saavedra et al, 1974). In addition to these reports, which are based on chemical analyses of the brain monoamines in question, there exists a wealth of pertinent information obtained by means of the histofluorescence technique for the visualization of monoamines in brain tissue (Dahlström & Fuxe, 1964; Fuxe, 1965; Lindvall & Bjorklund, 1974). However, to our knowledge, there exist no systematic biochemical studies of the monoamine levels in limbic areas of the human brain. This report deals with the distribution of 5-HT, DA and NA in limbic areas of the neurologically normal human brain, thus providing a suitable framework for future studies on the behaviour of these monoamines in the limbic brain of patients with neurological and/or psychiatric illnesses.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
ANDEN, N.E., DAHLSTR8M, A., FUXE, K., OLSON, L. UNGERSTEDT, U. Ascending monoamine neurons to the telencephalon and diencephalon. Acta. Physiol. Scand., 1966, 67, 313–326
ARINS KAPPERS, C.U. THEUNISSEN, W.F. Die phylogenese des rhinencephalons, des corpus striatum, und der vorderhirnkommissuren. Folia Neuro-biol. (Lpz.), 1907, 1, 173–288.
BROWNSTEIN, M., SAAVEDRA, J.M. PALKOVITS, M. Noradrenaline and dopamine in the limbic system of the rat brain. Brain Research, 1974, 79, 431–436.
COYLE, J.T, HENRY, D. Catecholamines in fetal and newborn rat brain. J. Neurochem., 1973, 21, 61–67.
DAHLSTOM, A. FUXE, K. Evidence for the existence of monoamine-containing neurons in the central nervous system. I. Demonstration of monoamines in the cell bodies of brainstem neurons. Acta. Physiol. Scand, 1964, Suppl. 232, 62, 1–55.
FARLEY, I.J. HORNYKIEWICZ, O. Noradrenaline in subcortical brain regions of patients with Parkinson’s disease and control subjects. In W. Birkmayer and O. Hornykiewicz (Eds.), Advances in Parkinsonism, Biochemistry, Physiology, Treatment. Basel, Editions Rdche, 1977a (in press).
FARLEY, I.J. HORNYKIEWICZ, O. Noradrenaline distribution in sub-cortical areas of the human brain. Brain Research, 1977b (in press).
FARLEY, I.J., PRICE, K.S. HORNYKIEWICZ, O. Dopamine in the limbic regions of the human brain: normal and abnormal. In E. Costa and G.L. Gessa (Eds.), Adv. in Biochem. Psychopharmacol., Raven Press, New York, 1977, vol. 16, p. 57–64
FUXE, K. Evidence for the existence of monoamine neurons in the central nervous system. IV: Distribution of monoamine nerve terminals in the central nervous system. Acta. Physiol, Scand., 1965, Suppl. 247, 64, 39–85.
HOKFELT, T., LJUNGDAHL, A., FUXE, K. JOHANSSON, O. Dopamine nerve terminals in the rat limbic cortex: aspects of the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia. Science, 1974, 184, 177–179.
HUBBARD, J. E. 6 DICARLO, V. Fluorescence histochemistry of monoamine-containing cell bodies in the brain stem of the squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus). III. Serotonin-containing groups. J. Comp. Neurol., 1974a, 153, 385–398.
HUBBARD, J. E. DICARLO, V. Fluorescence histochemistry of monoamine-containing cell bodies in the brain stem of the squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus). II. Catecholamine-containing groups. J. Comp. Neurol., 1974b, 153, 369–384.
KOSLOW, S.H., RACAGNI, G. COSTA, E. Mass fragmentographic measure- ment of noradrenaline, dopamine, serotonin and acetylcholine in seven discrete nuclei of the rat tel-diencephalon. Neuropharmacol., 1974, 13, 1123–1130.
LAUER, E.W. The nuclear pattern and fiber connections of certain basal telencephalic centers in the macaque. J. Comp. Neurol., 1945, 82, 215–254.
LAVERTY, R. TAYLOR, K.M. The fluorimetric assay of catecholamines and related compounds: Improvements and extensions to the Hydroxindole technique. Anal. Biochem., 1968, 22, 269–279.
LINDVALL, OBARKLUND, A. The organization of the ascending catecholamine neuron systems in the rat brain. Acta. Physiol. Scand., 1974, Suppl. 412, 1–48.
LINDVALL, O., BJÖRKLUND, A., NOBIN, A. STENEVI, U. The adrenergic innervation of the rat thalamus as revealed by the glyoxylic acid fluorescence method. J. Comp. Neural., 1974, 154, 317–348.
LLOYD, K.G., FARLEY, I.J., DECK, J.H.N. HORNYKIEWICZ, O. Serotonin and 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid in discrete areas of the brain-stem of suicide victims and control patients. In Adv. in Biochem. Psychopharmacol., Raven Press, New York, 1974, Vol. 11, p. 387–397.
MOORE, R.Y., BHATNAGAR, R.K. HELLER, A. Anatomical and chemical studies of a nigro-neostriatal projection in the cat. Brain Research, 1971, 30, 119–135.
NOBIN, A. BARKLUND, A. Topography of the monoamine neuron systems in the human brain as revealed in fetuses. Acta. Physiol. Scand., 1974, Suppl. 388, 1–40.
OLSON, L., BOREUS, L.O. SEIGER, A. Histochemical demonstration and mapping of 5-hydroxytryptamine and catecholamine-containing neuron systems in the human fetal brain. Z. Anat. Entwick1,- Gesch, 1973, 139, 259–282.
OLSZEWSKI, J. BAXTER, D. Cytoarchitecture of the human brain stem. Lippincott, Philadelphia and Montreal, 1954.
PAASONEN, M.K., MACLEAN, P.D. 4 GIARMAN, N.J. 5-Hydroxytryptamine (serotonin, enteramine) content of structures in the limbic system. J. Neozocbem.’ 1957, 1, 326–333.
PALKOVITS, M., BROWNSTEIN, M., SAAVEDRA, J.M. AXELROD, J. Norepinephrine and dopamine content of hypothalamic nuclei of the rat. Brain Research, 1974, 77, 137–149.
PICKEL, V.M. SEGAL, M. BLOOM, F.E. A radioautographic study of the efferent pathways of the nucleus locus coeruleus, J. Comp. Neurol., 1974, 155, 15–41.
RILEY, H.A. An atlas of the basal ganglia, brainstem and spinal cord. Hafner, New York, 1960.
SAAVEDRA, J.M., BROWNSTEIN, M. PALKOVITS, M. Serotonin distribution in the limbic system of the rat. Brain Research, 1974’ 79, 437–441.
ST. ADDENT, J., ROIZEN, M.F’, MILIARESSIS, E. JACOBOWITZ, D.~. The effects of self-stimulation on the catecholamine concentration of discrete areas of the rat brain. Brain Research, 1975’ 99, 194–200.
THIERRY, A.M., BLANC, G., SOBEL, A., STINUS, L. GLOWINSKI, J. Dopaminergic terminals in the rat cortex. Science, 1973, 182, 499–501.
UNGERSTEDT, O. Stereotaxic mapping of the monoamine pathways in the rat brain. Acta. Physiol. Scand., 1971 3uppl. 367, I - 48.
VERSTEEG, D.H.G., VANDERGUGTEN, J., DEJONG, W. PALKOVITS, M. Regional concentrations of noradrenaline and dopamine in rat brain. Brain Research, 1976, 1I3, 563–674.
VOGT, M. The concentration of sympathin in different parts of the central nervous system under normal conditions and after the administration of drugs. J. Physiol., 1954, 123, 451–481.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1978 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Farley, I.J., Price, K.S., Hornykiewicz, O. (1978). Monoaminergic Systems in the Human Limbic Brain. In: Livingston, K.E., Hornykiewicz, O. (eds) Limbic Mechanisms. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0716-8_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0716-8_12
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-0718-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-0716-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive