Abstract
The instability phenomena in nonlinear optics, laser and super-radiance, have received the interest of theoretical investigation from a macroscopic point of view. In the Third Rochester Conference, Graham discussed[1] the problem of unifying the laser theory and the non-equilibrium thermodynamic theory of Glansdorff and Prigogine,[2] based on the entropy expression for the steady non-equilibrium state, S = lnP, where P is the well-established steady-state solution of the laser Fokker-Planck equation.
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References
R. Graham, in Coherence and Quantum Optics, edited by L. Mandel and E. Wolf ( Plenum Press, New York, 1973 ) p. 851.
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This statement deserves a careful account of its implication, which we point out here in order to avoid any misleading reference to the Glansdorff -Prigogine original expression,[2]: As noted by these authors, the inequality guarantees that (d/dt)(JμXμ) ≤ 0in the near steady-state for which Jμ=Lμ⋁X⋁ (Lμv=Lvμ and constant), but generally the l.h.s. of (A) cannot be identified with the total time-derivative of any scalar function of the potential nature. Therefore, one should look at the quantity (d/dt)(JμXμ), if at all concerned with the time behaviour of the “entropy production”. (Note that the laser gives a typical example of the violation of (A) around the unstable point, when Graham’s potential 1nP is chosen as the entropy.) In the present context, the 1.h.s. of (A) may be replaced by the average Jμ (əxμ/ət)Ψ dx, where Jμ = (1/2)Kμλ,Xλ and Xμ = (ə/əxμ)log(Ψo/ Ψ), showing that (A) is always valid.[3]μ However, what we consider here is the total derivative of P = JμXμ Ψ) dx.
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Hasegawa, H., Sawada, S., Mabuchi, M. (1978). Thermodynamic Analyses of Laser Instability and Superradiance. In: Mandel, L., Wolf, E. (eds) Coherence and Quantum Optics IV. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0665-9_71
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0665-9_71
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