Abstract
As the popularity of the oral method for fertility control increased, so did the recognition of potentially serious complications. One area which has been extensively Investigated is the effect of these medications on carbohydrate metabolism. Our investigations involve five areas of study:
-
1)
prospective studies of blood glucose and insulin levels in women using several types of oral contraceptives;
-
2)
cross-sectional studies of blood glucose and insulin levels in women who have used various types of oral contraceptives for prolonged periods of time;
-
3)
investigations of the individual components (estrogens and progestins) of the oral contraceptive drugs;
-
4)
studies of the characteristics of women developing the most marked alterations in order to determine a profile for the high risk group;
-
5)
studies of human growth hormone (HGH) levels in women using oral contraceptives thus seeking to determine a mechanism involved in these alterations.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Greenwood, F.C., Landon, J., and Stamp, T.C.B.: The plasma sugar, free fatty acid, Cortisol, and growth hormone response to insulin I in control subjects. J. Clin. Invest. 45:429–436 (1966).
Nelson, N.: A photometric adaptation of the Somogyi method for the determination of glucose. J. Biol. Chem. 153:375–380 (1944).
Somogyi, M.: Determination of blood sugar. J. Biol. Chm. 160:69–73 (1945).
Goetz, F.C., Greenberg, B.Z., Ells, J., and Meinert, C.: A simple immunoassay for insulin: application to human and dog plasma. J. Clin. Endocr. 23:1237–1246 (1963).
Herbert, V., Lau, K., Gottlieb, C.W., and Bleicher, S.J.: Coated charcoal immunoassay of insulin. J. Clin. Endocr. 25:1375–1384 (1965).
Spellacy, W.N., Carlson, K.L., and Schade, S.L.: Human growth hormone studies in patients with galactorrhea (Ahumada del Castillo Syndrome). Am. J. Obst. & Gynec. 100:84–89 (1968).
Spellacy, W.N., Carlson, K.L., and Schade, S.L.: Menstrual cycle carbohydrate metabolism. Am. J, Obst. & Gynec. 99:382–386 (1967).
Spellacy, W.N., and Carlson, K.L.: Plasma insulin and blood glucose levels in patients taking oral contraceptives. Am. J. Obst. & Gynec. 95:474–478 (1966).
Spellacy, W.N., Carlson, K.L., and Birk, S.A.: Carbohydrate metabolic studies after six cycles of combined type oral contraceptive tablets. Measurement of plasma insulin and blood glucose levels. Diabetes 16:590–594 (1967).
Spellacy, W.N., Carlson, K.L., Birk, S.A., and Schade, S.L.: Glucose and insulin alterations after one year of combination-type oral contraceptive treatment. Metabolism 17:496–501 (1968).
Spellacy, W.N., Carlson, K.L., and Schade, S.L.: Effect of a sequential oral contraceptive on plasma insulin and blood glucose levels after six months treatment. Am. J. Obst. & Gynec. 101:672–676 (1968).
Spellacy, W.N., Buhi, W.C., and Bendel, R.P.: Insulin and glucose studies after one year of treatment with a sequential type oral contraceptive. Obst & Gynec. In Press.
Spellacy, W.N., Buhi, W.C., Spellacy, C.E., Moses, L.E., and Goldzieher, J.W.: Carbohydrate studies in long-term users of oral contraceptives. Diabetes 17:(Supp. 1)344 (1968).
Spellacy, W.N., Buhi, W.C., Spellacy, C.E., and Moses, L.E., and Goldzieher, J.W.: Glucose, insulin, and growth hormone studies in long-term users of oral contraceptives. Am. J. Obst. & Gynec. In Press.
Young, F.G.: Permanent experimental diabetes produced by pituitary (anterior lobe) injections. Lancet ii: 372–374 (1937).
Frantz, A. G., and Rabkin, M.T.: Effects of estrogen and sex difference on secretion of human growth hormone. J. Clin. Endocr. 25:1470–1480 (1965).
Spellacy, W.N., Buhi, W.C., and Bendel, R.P.: Human growth hormone levels during the menstrual cycle. Am. J. Obst. & Gynec. In Press.
Spellacy, W.N., Carlson, K.L., and Schade, S.L.: Human growth hormone levels in normal subjects receiving an oral contraceptive. J.A.M.A. 202:451–454 (1967).
Spellacy, W.N., Buhi, W.C., and Bendel, R.P.: Growth hormone and glucose levels after one year of combination type oral contraceptive treatment. Int. J. Fert. In Press.
Spellacy, W.N., Buhi, W.C., and Bendel, R.P.: Growth hormone alterations by a sequential type oral contraceptive. Obst. & Gynec. In Press.
Steiner, D.F., Cunningham, D., Spigelman, L., and Aten, Bo: Insulin biosynthesis: evidence for a precursor. Science 157:697–700 (1967).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1969 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Spellacy, W.N. (1969). The Effect of Ovarian Steroids on Glucose, Insulin, and Growth Hormone. In: Salhanick, H.A., Kipnis, D.M., Wiele, R.L.V. (eds) Metabolic Effects of Gonadal Hormones and Contraceptive Steroids. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1782-1_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1782-1_10
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-1784-5
Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-1782-1
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive