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Hot Topics in Infection and Immunity in Children IX pp 27–55Cite as

Invasive Fungal Infections in Patients with Chronic Granulomatous Disease

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Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 764))

Abstract

Invasive fungal infections are a major threat for chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) patients. The present study provides a comprehensive overview of published invasive fungal infections in the CGD host through an extensive review of epidemiological, clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic data. In addition to the often mild clinical presentation, the currently used diagnostics for invasive aspergillosis have low sensitivity in CGD patients and cannot be easily translated to this non-neutropenic host. Aspergillus fumigatus and A. nidulans are the most commonly isolated species. A. nidulans infections are seldom reported in other immunocompromised patients, indicating a unique interaction between this fungus and the CGD host. The occurrence of mucormycosis is mainly noted in the setting of treatment of inflammatory complications with immunosuppressive drugs. Candida infections are infrequently seen and do not cause mucocutaneous disease but do show an age-dependent clinical presentation. The CGD patient is susceptible to a wide range of fungal pathogens, indicating the need to determine the causative fungus, often by invasive diagnostics, to guide optimal and rational treatment. This review summarizes current understanding of invasive fungal infections in patients with CGD and will serve as a starting point to guide optimal treatment strategies and to direct further research aimed at improving outcomes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Nijmegen Institute for Infection, Inflammation and Immunity, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

    Stefanie Henriet & Adilia Warris

  2. Department of Medical Microbiology, Nijmegen Institute for Infection, Inflammation and Immunity, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

    Paul E. Verweij

  3. Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA

    Steven M. Holland

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  1. Stefanie Henriet
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  2. Paul E. Verweij
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  4. Adilia Warris
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Correspondence to Adilia Warris .

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  1. Royal Children's Hospital, Dept. Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Flemington Road, Parkville, 3052, Victoria, Australia

    Nigel Curtis

  2. Institute of Child Life and Health, UBHT Education Centre, University of Bristol, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol, BS28AE, UK

    Adam Finn

  3. University of Oxford, Level 4,John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK

    Andrew J. Pollard

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Henriet, S., Verweij, P., Holland, S., Warris, A. (2013). Invasive Fungal Infections in Patients with Chronic Granulomatous Disease. In: Curtis, N., Finn, A., Pollard, A. (eds) Hot Topics in Infection and Immunity in Children IX. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 764. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4726-9_3

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