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Anaesthesia for Neonatal Surgery

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Abstract

Neonatal anaesthesia has evolved considerably over the last two decades. New agents and techniques have been widely adopted by paediatric anaesthetists, allowing a renewed emphasis on minimizing, or avoiding, periods of post-operative ventilation and sedation.

The newer drugs include remifentanil, an “ultra-short” acting opioid, the local anaesthetic agent levo-bupivacaine, the volatile anaesthetic agent, desflurane, and sugammadex, a relaxant reversal agent. There is also a better understanding of the pharmacology of the more established drugs.

Techniques include a variety of local and regional blocks, often aided by better needles and ultrasound imaging. Ultrasound guidance has also enabled more accurate and rapid vascular access. A number of devices and instruments have enlarged the repertoire of airway management techniques available to paediatric anaesthetists, including the laryngeal mask airway, micro-cuff endotracheal tubes and small fibre-optic bronchoscopes. Forced air warming devices have proved effective in preventing hypothermia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Jackson Rees Department of Paediatric Anaesthesia, Alder Hey Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, Merseyside, UK

    Richard E. Sarginson BSc, MB, ChB, FRCA & Sanaulla K. Syed MBBS, DA, FRCA

Authors
  1. Richard E. Sarginson BSc, MB, ChB, FRCA
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  2. Sanaulla K. Syed MBBS, DA, FRCA
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Richard E. Sarginson BSc, MB, ChB, FRCA .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Child Health, Alder Hey Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom

    Paul D. Losty

  2. University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

    Alan W. Flake

  3. Childrens Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

    Risto J. Rintala

  4. Royal Children’s Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia

    John M. Hutson

  5. Department of Surgery, Meiji University of Integrative Medicine, Kyoto, Japan

    Naomi lwai

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Sarginson, R.E., Syed, S.K. (2018). Anaesthesia for Neonatal Surgery. In: Losty, P., Flake, A., Rintala, R., Hutson, J., lwai, N. (eds) Rickham's Neonatal Surgery. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4721-3_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4721-3_11

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