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Human Longevity, Individual Life Duration, and the Growth of the Oldest-Old Population pp 357–394Cite as

Explanation of the Decline in Mortality among the Oldest-Old: The Impact of Circulatory Diseases

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Part of the book series: International Studies in Population ((ISIP,volume 4))

Today’s oldest-olds have benefited from the improved conditions in the first half of the 1900swhich led to the dramatic decline in infant mortality and the most important causes of death, such as perinatal diseases, infectious diseases, tuberculosis, and respiratory diseases. These improved conditions were probably mainly socioeconomic, such as improvement of living and sanitary conditions, education, and personal hygiene, and much less related to medical improvements (McKeown 1965). However, better nutrition, including vitamins, and vaccinations probably also played a not negligible role in the first half of the 1900s. The improved nutrition at the beginning of the 1900s might even have contributed to the mortality decline several decades later, if reduced growth in utero and in early life really is related to adverse health outcome later in life, such as higher mortality from cardiovascular diseases (Barker 1998). But other studies do not support this fetal-origin hypothesis (Christensen et al. 1995; Kannisto et al. 1997; Stanner et al. 1997).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. of Epidemiology, Institute of Public Health, and Ageing Research Centre, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

    Bernard Jeune

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  1. Bernard Jeune
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  1. University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France

    Jean-Marie Robine

  2. University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Eileen M. Crimmins

  3. Rockefeller University, New York, USA

    Shiro Horiuchi

  4. Duke University, Durham, NC, USA

    Zeng Yi

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Jeune, B. (2007). Explanation of the Decline in Mortality among the Oldest-Old: The Impact of Circulatory Diseases. In: Robine, JM., Crimmins, E.M., Horiuchi, S., Yi, Z. (eds) Human Longevity, Individual Life Duration, and the Growth of the Oldest-Old Population. International Studies in Population, vol 4. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4848-7_16

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