Abstract
The Neolithic settlement of Mehrgarh in Balochistan, western Pakistan dates from around 7000 BC. Continuously occupied for over 4,000 years, it was a precursor to the Indus Valley civilization, which flourished between 3300 and 1700 BC. Indus Valley settlements spread across much of present-day Pakistan and northwest India, from the Arabian Sea to the foothills of the Himalayas, centring on the cities of Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa. The civilization’s decline coincided with the arrival of Indo-European-speaking tribes, including the Aryans, from central Asia. Taxila in northern Pakistan became a centre for the development of Vedic/Hindu culture from the 6th century BC.
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Further Reading
—Pakistan Statistical Yearbook.—Statistical Pocket Book of Pakistan. (Annual)
Ahmed, A. S., Jinnah, Pakistan and Islamic Identity: The Search for Saladin. 1997.
Ahsan, A., The Indus Saga and the Making of Pakistan. 1997.
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Khan, Hamid, Constitutional and Political History of Pakistan. 2005.
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Riedel, Bruce, Deadly Embrace: Pakistan, America, and the Future of Global Jihad. 2011.
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National library: National Library of Pakistan, Constitution Avenue, Islamabad.
National Statistical Office: Federal Bureau of Statistics, 5-SLIC Bldg., F-6/4, Blue Area, Islamabad.
Website: http://www.pbs.gov.pk
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Turner, B. (2012). Pakistan. In: Turner, B. (eds) The Statesman’s Yearbook. The Statesman’s Yearbook. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-59541-9_290
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-59541-9_290
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