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Population Genomics of Domestication and Breed Development in Canines in the Context of Cognitive, Social, Behavioral, and Disease Traits

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Population Genomics

Part of the book series: Population Genomics ((POGE))

Abstract

Dogs are unique because they are known to be the first species domesticated by humans, have the greatest morphological variation among terrestrial mammals, and exhibit unique bonds with humans. Yet, until very recently, the history of domestication and the associated consequences of this artificial selection have been a matter of speculation. Domesticated dogs are the ideal organism to study population genomics of domestication and the impact artificial selection has had on cognitive, social, behavioral, and disease traits. Because dogs have been associated with humans for tens of thousands of years, they are uniquely suited to investigate the genetic basis of selection for dietary adaptation during the agricultural revolution. Through a variety of large-scale genomics approaches, the history and consequences of dog domestication are no longer a matter of speculation. This chapter delves into the ancient origins of human-canine interactions and follows the domestication of wolves into dogs with a particular focus on (a) the selection of phenotypes underlying the strong bond between humans and their companion dogs, (b) the morphological variation underlying dog breeds, and (c) the genetic basis of canine diseases. The historical picture that is beginning to emerge provides a genomics framework for understanding why and how the dog became “our best friend.”

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Acknowledgments

Dr. Irizarry acknowledges the role his father and mother had in inspiring him to write this chapter by introducing Dr. Irizarry to the human-animal bond through special relationships with family dogs. Furthermore, Dr. Irizarry wishes to acknowledge the many conversations he had with his parents about cognition, dogs, domestication, and what makes dogs “our best friend.” Those experiences and conversations ultimately paved the path to this chapter. The authors thank Dr. Om Rajora for reading the manuscript and making suggestions during the editing process. Dr. Rajora is acknowledged for simplifying, helping improve text, and favorably upgrading canine knowledge in our chapter. The authors wish to thank Chris Vander Veen for taking time to help prepare documents, without which, this chapter could not be published. The authors are most thankful for the invention of computers, the Internet, word processing programs, and internet-accessible storage platforms which have greatly enhanced collaborative production and sharing of this chapter. The authors fully recognize the hard work of all the people who contributed to the IT environment at Western University of Health Sciences and on Earth. Their commitment to technology ultimately allowed this chapter to be created and reviewed across multiple countries. Without their hard work, this chapter would never see the light of day. The authors are also most appreciative of the hundreds of veterinarians, doctors, scientists, and authors that have published the papers and figures that contributed to the content of this chapter. We truly thank, respect, and value each one of you. Finally, the authors would like to acknowledge the wonderful dogs each of us has known that have inspired and motivated us to learn more about their origins, their health, and their cognition.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Applied Genomics Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA

    Kristopher J. L. Irizarry & Elton J. R. Vasconcelos

Authors
  1. Kristopher J. L. Irizarry
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  2. Elton J. R. Vasconcelos
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kristopher J. L. Irizarry .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Forestry and Environmental Management, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada

    Om P. Rajora

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Irizarry, K.J.L., Vasconcelos, E.J.R. (2018). Population Genomics of Domestication and Breed Development in Canines in the Context of Cognitive, Social, Behavioral, and Disease Traits. In: Rajora, O. (eds) Population Genomics. Population Genomics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/13836_2018_43

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