The Conditions of Democracy in Europe 1919-39

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xv

   PDF

2. Introduction

   • Dirk Berg-Schlosser, Jeremy Mitchell

   Pages 1-39

3. Austria: From Compromise to Authoritarianism*

   • Peter Gerlich, David F. J. Campbell

   Pages 40-58

4. Belgium: Crisis and Compromise

   • Gisèle De Meur, Dirk Berg-Schlosser

   Pages 59-84

5. Czechoslovakia: External Crisis and Internal Compromise

   • John Bradley

   Pages 85-105

6. Estonia: Crisis and ‘Pre-Emptive’ Authoritarianism

   • Toomas Varrak

   Pages 106-128

7. Finland: From Conflict to Compromise

   • Lauri Karvonen

   Pages 129-156

8. France: An Ambiguous Survival

   • Michel Dobry

   Pages 157-183

9. Germany: From Double Crisis to National Socialism

   • Folko Arends, Gerhard Kümmel

   Pages 184-212

10. Greece: Political Crisis and Authoritarian Takeover

    • Allan Zink

    Pages 213-241

11. Hungary: Crisis and Pseudo-Democratic Compromise

    • Gabriella Ilonszki

    Pages 242-262

12. Ireland: Democratic Stability without Compromise

    • Allan Zink

    Pages 263-293

13. Italy: Early Crisis and Fascist Takeover

    • Marco Tarchi

    Pages 294-320

14. The Netherlands: Early Compromise and Democratic Stability

    • Frank H. Aarebrot

    Pages 321-334

15. Poland: From Post-War Crisis to Authoritarianism

    • Jerzy Holzer

    Pages 335-353

16. Portugal: Crisis and Early Authoritarian Takeover

    • Antonio Costa Pinto

    Pages 354-380

17. Romania: Crisis without Compromise

    • Stephen Fischer-Galati

    Pages 381-395

18. Spain: The Double Breakdown

    • Walther L. Bernecker

    Pages 396-425

19. Sweden: The Durable Compromise

    • Ulf Lindström

    Pages 426-448

20. United Kingdom: Stability and Compromise

    • Jeremy Mitchell

    Pages 449-463

Why did democracy survive in some European countries between the wars while fascism or authoritarianism emerged elsewhere? This innovative study approaches this question through the comparative analysis of the inter-war experience of eighteen countries within a common comprehensive analytical framework. It combines (social and economic) structure- and (political) actor-related aspects to provide detailed historical accounts of each case which serve as background information for the systematic testing of major theories of fascism and democracy.

• Austria
• democracy
• Europe
• fascism
• France
• Greece
• Hungary
• kingdom
• Spain
• european union politics

• Phillipps University, Marburg, Germany

  Dirk Berg-Schlosser

• The Open University, Milton Keynes, England

  Jeremy Mitchell

DIRK BERG-SCHLOSSER is Professor of Political Science at Phillipps University in Marburg, Germany. He has taught at the Universities of Munich, Aachen, Nairobi, Augsburg, Eichstätt and Marburg. His publications include Tradition and Change in Kenya, Political Stability and Development (with Rainer Siegler) and Political Culture in Germany (with Ralf Rytlewski).

JEREMY MITCHELL is Lecturer in Government, The Open University, Milton Keynes, in England and was previously Junior Research Fellow in Politics at Jesus College, Oxford. He is the co-author of Returning Key Thinkers?

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