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UV-B and Biosphere

  • Book
  • © 1997

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Editors:
  1. J. Rozema

    1. Free University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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  2. W. W. C. Gieskes

    1. State University of Groningen, The Netherlands

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  3. S. C. Geijn

    1. Research Institute of Agrobiology and Soil Fertility (AB-DLO), Wageningen, The Netherlands

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  4. C. Nolan

    1. European Commission — DGXII-E-1, Science & Technology for Environm. Protection, Brussels, Belgium

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  5. H. Boois

    1. Netherlands Research Organisation, The Hague, The Netherlands

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Part of the book series: Advances in Vegetation Science (AIVS, volume 17)

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Table of contents (26 chapters)

  1. Front Matter

    Pages i-1
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  2. UV-B and aquatic ecosystems

    1. Front Matter

      Pages 3-3
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    2. Penetration and effects of solar UV-B on phytoplankton and macroalgae

      • D.-P. Häder
      Pages 4-13

    3. UV damage to plant life in a photobiologically dynamic environment: the case of marine phytoplankton

      • W. W. C. Gieskes, A. G. J. Buma
      Pages 16-25

    4. Effects of acute and chronic UV-B exposure on a green alga: a continuous culture study using a computer-controlled dynamic light regime

      • A. Veen, M. Reuvers, P. Ronçak
      Pages 28-40

    5. Role of ultraviolet-B radiation on bacterioplankton and the availability of dissolved organic matter

      • Gerhard J. Herndl, Albert Brugger, Silvia Hager, Edith Kaiser, Ingrid Obernosterer, Bettina Reitner et al.
      Pages 42-51

    6. Physiological and structural changes in the chloroplast of the green alga Micrasterias denticulata induced by UV-B simulation

      • Cornelius Lütz, Harald K. Seidlitz, Ursula Meindl
      Pages 54-64

  3. UV-B and terrestrial ecosystems: general and methodological aspects

    1. Front Matter

      Pages 65-65
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    2. Uses of biological spectral weighting functions and the need of scaling for the ozone reduction problem

      • Martyn M. Caldwell, Stephan D. Flint
      Pages 66-76

    3. Outdoor supplementation systems for studies of the effects of increased UV-B radiation

      • A. R. McLeod
      Pages 78-92

    4. In assessing biological UV-B effects, natural fluctuations of solar radiation should be taken into account

      • Regas Santas, A. Koussoulaki, D.-P. Häder
      Pages 93-97

  4. UV-B and physiology of terrestrial plants

    1. Front Matter

      Pages 99-99
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    2. Beneficial effects of enhanced UV-B radiation under field conditions: improvement of needle water relations and survival capacity of Pinus pinea L. seedlings during the dry Mediterranean summer

      • Yiannis Manetas, Yiola Petropoulou, Kostas Stamatakis, Dimostenis Nikolopoulos, Efi Levizou, George Psaras et al.
      Pages 100-108

    3. Ultraviolet-B radiation effects on the Mediterranean ruderal Dittrichia viscosa

      • M. Stephanou, Y. Manetas
      Pages 109-112

    4. Effects of solar UV-B radiation on growth, flowering and yield of central and southern European bush bean cultivars (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

      • M. Saile-Mark, M. Tevini
      Pages 114-125

    5. Morphological and physiological responses of bean plants to supplemental UV radiation in a Mediterranean climate

      • F. Antonelli, D. Grifoni, F. Sabatini, G. Zipoli
      Pages 127-136

    6. The effect of enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation on germination and seedling development of plant species occurring in a dune grassland ecosystem

      • Marcel Tosserams, Esther Bolink, Jelte Rozema
      Pages 138-147

    7. Leaf thickness and UV-B absorbing pigments of plants in relation to an elevational gradient along the Blue Mountains, Jamaica

      • Jelte Rozema, Agnes Chardonnens, Marcel Tosserams, Raemond Hafkenscheid, Sampurno Bruijnzeel
      Pages 150-159

    8. Reaction of savanna plants from Botswana on UV-B radiation

      • Wilfried H. O. Ernst, Jos W. M. van de Staaij, Hans J. M. Nelissen
      Pages 162-170

    9. The impact of elevated UV-B (280–320 nm) radiation levels on the reproduction biology of a highland and a lowland population of Silene vulgaris

      • J. W. M. van de Staaij, E. Bolink, J. Rozema, W. H. O. Ernst
      Pages 172-179
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Keywords

About this book

Current phase-out schedules of the production and emission of CFC's indicate that chlorine loading in the stratosphere is not yet at its maximum. The recovery of stratospheric ozone is estimated to take time and ele­ vated levels of UV-B radiation are expected to occur throughout most of the next century. Despite numerous physiological studies of UV-B effects on plants, often grown in climate chambers, knowledge of UV-B effects on organisms and processes in natural aquatic or terrestrial ecosystems is poor. Currently it appears that UV-B radiation is not just an environmental stress' factor to plants. In various ways, which are incompletely understood, UV-B affects a wide range of physiological and ecological processes. Remarkably, recent field studies indicate that enhanced UV-B does not markedly affect photosynthesis, growth and primary production, but rather interferes with plant morphogenesis and plant and ecosystem functions relating to the secondary metabolism. This special issue and book UV-B and Biosphere is an attempt to cover this range and to report the progress made in the research of ecological effects of enhanced solar UV-B radiation. The papers in this book formed the basis of an international workshop entitled' UV-B and Biosphere' , December 15-18, 1995, in Wageningen, The Netherlands. A first reaction of Hans de Boois on the number of papers and sessions scheduled from Friday to Sunday morning was: far too many.

Editors and Affiliations

  • Free University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    J. Rozema

  • State University of Groningen, The Netherlands

    W. W. C. Gieskes

  • Research Institute of Agrobiology and Soil Fertility (AB-DLO), Wageningen, The Netherlands

    S. C. Geijn

  • European Commission — DGXII-E-1, Science & Technology for Environm. Protection, Brussels, Belgium

    C. Nolan

  • Netherlands Research Organisation, The Hague, The Netherlands

    H. Boois

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