Some Aspects of Chromosome Structure and Function

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-x

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2. Aspects of Tandemly Organized, Repetitive Sequences in Chromosomal DNA

   • J. T. Epplen, A. Epplen-Haupt

   Pages 1-10

3. Mapping and Organization of Highly-Repeated Sequences by Means of Fluorescence in situ Hybridization Against Synaptonemal Complex-Associated Chromatin of Rye

   • N. Cuñado, J. Barrios, J. L. Santos

   Pages 11-16

4. Some Insights on the Mechanism of in situ DNA Digestion by Restriction Enzymes and on Fluorochrome Banding: Case of the Argentata group

   • Julio Cesar Pieczarka, Margarete Suñé Mattevi

   Pages 17-26

5. Structural Differences of Chromosomes in Plants Detected by Fluorescence in situ Hybridization Using Probes of rDNA, Arabidopsis-type Telomere Sequence Repeats and pCrT7-4

   • Katsuhiko Kondo, Norikazu Tagashira, Magdy Hussein Abd El-Twab, Yoshikazu Hoshi, Goro Kokubugata, Yoshito Honda et al.

   Pages 27-35

6. Planococcus citri (Homoptera, Coccoidea): A Paradigmatic Case of Chromosome Structure as an Epigenetic Way to Control Gene Expression

   • Marina Ferraro

   Pages 37-45

7. Cytogenetic and Molecular Analysis of Heterochromatic Areas in the Holocentric Chromosomes of Different Aphid Species

   • Gian Carlo Manicardi, Mauro Mandrioli, Davide Bizzaro, Umberto Bianchi

   Pages 47-56

8. Translocation Frequencies for X and Y Chromosomes Predicted by Computer Simulations of Nuclear Structure

   • G. Kreth, P. Edelmann, Ch. Münkel, J. Langowski, C. Cremer

   Pages 57-71

9. Evolution of DNA Repair Mechanisms

   • Bernd Kaina, Klaus Becker, Thomas Grombacher, Günter Obe

   Pages 73-88

10. Cytogenetics of Lepidopteran Insects

    • V. L. Sharma, R. C. Sobti

    Pages 89-101

11. Chromosome Structure in Fishes

    • Claudio Oliveira, Jonathan M. Wright, Fausto Foresti

    Pages 103-108

12. A Review of Chromosome Banding in Fishes

    • O. P. Sharma, N. K. Tripathi, K. K. Sharma

    Pages 109-122

13. Chromosomes in Birds

    • V. L. Sharma, R. C. Sobti

    Pages 123-132

14. Chromosomal Analysis in Human Population Monitoring

    • G. Wolf, H. Fender

    Pages 133-148

15. Genotoxic Investigations on Occupationally Exposed Cattle Yard Workers

    • J. S. Yadav, V. K. Kaushik

    Pages 149-155

16. Telomeres, Telomerase and Cancer

    • R. C. Sobti, Jaspreet Kochar, N. Capalash, S. Sharma

    Pages 157-165

17. Chromosomal Radiosensitivity as an Indicator of Genetic Predisposition to Breast Cancer

    • Ram Parshad, Katherine K. Sanford

    Pages 167-176

18. Molecular Genetics of Gastrointestinal Tract Cancers

    • R. C. Sobti, Jaspreet Kochar, Neena Capalash, Kamana Parashar, S. Sharma, A. Joshi et al.

    Pages 177-192

19. Molecular Pathogenesis of Lung Cancer

    • R. C. Sobti, S. Sharma, A. K. Janmeja, S. K. Jindal

    Pages 193-205

20. Bladder Cancer: Genetic and Epidemiological Factors Involved in its Genesis

    • R. C. Sobti, Adnan Issa AL-Badran, Khadijeh Onsori, S. K. Sharma

    Pages 207-224

It was at the end of the 19th century that a Swiss biologist, Karl Nageli first proposed the existence of hereditary organelles that carried information from parent to offspring. Ensuing decades experienced vigorous studies that led to the development of discovery that chromosomes are indeed the carriers of genetic information. Subsequent studies, especially by Morgan and Bridges, established unequivocally the chromosome theory of inheritance. Today, the structure of chromosome is well established. At the physical level, eukaryotic chromosomes are composed of a single, linear, double helix of DNA. The elementary helical structure involves nucleosomes, comprised of histones around which the DNA is wrapped. A hierarchy of higher order of chromosomal architecture may possibly be responsible for the regulation of gene helical structures expression. The localized condensations of DNA constitute chromomeres. Uncoiled structures sometimes extending from chromomeres, which form loops, is the result of discontinuities in the regular coiling of the DNA in the chromosome.

• DNA
• Evolution
• Telomere
• chromosome
• gene expression
• genes
• genetics
• hybridization
• rDNA

• Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India

  R. C. Sobit

• Institute of Genetics, University of Essen, Essen, Germany

  G. Obe

• Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Pels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Temple University School of Medicine Philadelphia, USA

  R. S. Athwal

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