Electromagnetic Theory of Gratings

1. Front Matter

   Pages I-XV

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2. A Tutorial Introduction

   • R. Petit

   Pages 1-52

3. Some Mathematical Aspects of the Grating Theory

   • M. Cadilhac

   Pages 53-62

4. Integral Methods

   • D. Maystre

   Pages 63-100

5. Differential Methods

   • P. Vincent

   Pages 101-121

6. The Homogeneous Problem

   • M. Nevière

   Pages 123-157

7. Experimental Verifications and Applications of the Theory

   • D. Maystre, M. Nevière, R. Petit

   Pages 159-225

8. Theory of Crossed Gratings

   • R. C. McPhedran, G. H. Derrick, L. C. Botten

   Pages 227-276

9. Back Matter

   Pages 277-286

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When I was a student, in the early fifties, the properties of gratings were generally explained according to the scalar theory of optics. The grating formula (which pre­ dicts the diffraction angles for a given angle of incidence) was established, exper­ imentally verified, and intensively used as a source for textbook problems. Indeed those grating properties, we can call optical properties, were taught'in a satisfac­ tory manner and the students were able to clearly understand the diffraction and dispersion of light by gratings. On the other hand, little was said about the "energy properties", i. e. , about the prediction of efficiencies. Of course, the existence of the blaze effect was pointed out, but very frequently nothing else was taught about the efficiency curves. At most a good student had to know that, for an eche­ lette grating, the efficiency in a given order can approach unity insofar as the diffracted wave vector can be deduced from the incident one by a specular reflexion on the large facet. Actually this rule of thumb was generally sufficient to make good use of the optical gratings available about thirty years ago. Thanks to the spectacular improvements in grating manufacture after the end of the second world war, it became possible to obtain very good gratings with more and more lines per mm. Nowadays, in gratings used in the visible region, a spacing small­ er than half a micron is common.

• Gitter (Optik)
• diffraction
• dispersion
• electromagnetic
• electromagnetism
• energy
• optics
• wave

• Laboratoire d’Optique Electromagnétique, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques de Saint-Jérome, Université d’Aix-Marseille III, Marseille Cédex 13, France

  Roger Petit

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