Nephrocalcinosis Calcium Antagonists and Kidney

1. Front Matter

   Pages I-X

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2. Introduction

   1. Introduction

      • Karl-Horst Bichler, Walter Ludwig Strohmaier

      Pages 1-3

3. Fundamentals

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 5-5

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   2. Nephron- and Collecting Duct Structure in the Kidney, Rat

      • S. Bachmann, T. Sakai, W. Kriz

      Pages 7-33

   3. Cellular Mechanisms of Renal Calcium Transport

      • F. Lang, M. Paulmichl, P. Deetjen

      Pages 34-42

   4. Factors Influencing Renal Calcium Excretion

      • J. H. Dirks

      Pages 43-51

   5. Ca2+ Antagonists — Mode of Action and Pharmacodynamics

      • H. D. Lehmann

      Pages 52-63

4. Nephrocalcinosis and Calcium Antagonists

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 65-65

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   2. Pathological Anatomy, Etiology, and Pathogenesis of Nephrocalcinosis

      • H. G. Laberke

      Pages 67-104

   3. Clinical Aspects of Nephrocalcinosis

      • R. A. L. Sutton

      Pages 105-112

   4. Nephrocalcinosis in the Kidney of the Rat on Atherogenic Diet and the Effect of Calcium Antagonists (Nifedipine)

      • H.-J. Nelde, K.-H. Bichler, W. L. Strohmaier, W. Kriz

      Pages 113-125

   5. Influence of Calcium Antagonists (Nifedipine) on the Excretion of Calcium and Other Substances Relevant for Stone Formation in Rats with Nephrocalcinosis (Induced by Atherogenic Diet)

      • W. L. Strohmaier, K.-H. Bichler

      Pages 126-133

   6. The Unique Chemical Composition of Nephrocalcinosis in Experimental Renal Insufficiency, Disturbances of Cellular Calcium Metabolism, and Protective Effect of Verapamil Against Nephrocalcinosis

      • M. S. Goligorsky, C. Chaimovitz, J. Rapoport, A. Kiryati, S. Lach, R. Kol et al.

      Pages 134-155

   7. Calcium Antagonists in Acute Renal Failure and in Hypertension

      • B. Garthoff, L. Hertle

      Pages 156-163

   8. Effect of Calcium Antagonist Diltiazem on Acute Renal Failure: Experiments on Animals and Clinical Studies

      • K. Wagner, H. H. Neumayer

      Pages 164-181

   9. Renal Function in Hypertensive Patients and Calcium Entry Blockers

      • G. Leonetti, A. Zanchetti

      Pages 182-185

5. Back Matter

   Pages 187-190

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The effect of calcium antagonists on heart muscle and blood circulation is the reason that they have found widespread clinical application for a number of years. Less well known, in contrast, is the effect this group of substances has on the kidneys, both on kidney cells and the blood flow through the kidneys. This effect was the subject of a workshop we organized in Tiibingen in June 1986. Different groups studied the effects of these substances, especially in animals, on the processing of calcium by the kidney cells and on blood flow. A possible explanation is that the calcium antagonists block the influx of calcium through special cell canals, especially the cells of the distal tubule. It is necessary to test whether there is a blockade or only a reduction in the passage of calcium. Our understanding of the effect of calcium antagonists is in large part based on the results of morphologic, physiologic, and pharmacologic studies of calcium in the kidneys. The particular processes involved in nephrocalcinosis are special objects of study with regard to calcium antagonists. This book presents the results of experimental studies of the effect of calcium antagonists on nephrocalcinosis and acute renal failure after ischemia. In this context, the clinician is particularly interested in the use of calcium antagonists to protect against the kidney in urolithiasis, in acute renal failure and during kidney transplantation. The book is thus of interest to urologists and nephrologists as well as pharmacologists. biochemists, physiologists, and others in research.

• calcium
• kidney
• metabolism
• morphology
• pharmacodynamics
• research
• transplantation

• Department of Urology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany

  Walter Ludwig Strohmaier

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