Formalization of Natural Languages

1. Front Matter

   Pages I-X

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2. Introduction

   • Peter Kümmel

   Pages 1-11

3. Historical Survey on Formalization Efforts of Natural Languages

   • Peter Kümmel

   Pages 12-34

4. Formalizing Stimuli by Understanding Brain Functions in Living Organisms

   • Peter Kümmel

   Pages 35-39

5. Analyses of Natural Language Morphology

   • Peter Kümmel

   Pages 40-94

6. Synthesis and Formalization of Natural Language Morphology

   • Peter Kümmel

   Pages 95-105

7. Analyses of Natural Language Syntax

   • Peter Kümmel

   Pages 106-136

8. Synthesis and Formalization of Natural Language Syntax

   • Peter Kümmel

   Pages 137-144

9. Analyses of Natural Language Content

   • Peter Kümmel

   Pages 145-172

10. Synthesis and Formalization of Natural Language Content

    • Peter Kümmel

    Pages 173-193

11. Application of Natural Language Formalizations

    • Peter Kümmel

    Pages 194-207

12. Back Matter

    Pages 208-226

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The attempt to simulate dialogues in Natural Language by a machine requires extensive analyses of Natural Language's expression and content phenomena. Carefully deducted natural laws must be extracted. A division of all existing Natural Languages into carrier systems of a) agglutinated and b) isolated mor­ phological structures appears to be of principal significance. Thus morphology can be clearly separated from syntax. While morphology concerns structural phenomena, syntax refers to functional customs and rules of language expressions. Expression morphologies of usual language systems like English, French, German or, Russian exhibit tightly agglutinated characteristics. A smaller portion of Natural Language carrier systems provides morphologies of considerably less degrees of agglutination. Among them are ideographic-, pictographic-and, gesture systems as well as air-controller and children languages within a certain phase of development. Sometimes fully self-explanatory or content-related expression units within carrier systems of isolated morphologies guarantee significant insights into phenomena of Natural Language's content. Therefore evaluations on Natural Language expression structures can never be limited exclusively to auditive and phonographic morphologies. They also incorporate transport means of ideo- and pictogenetic characteristics, in order to evaluate morphology and syntax distinctively. The process of formalizing Natural Languages is highly interdisciplinary. It consists of 1) analyzing, 2) possible enumerating, 3) optimizing, and 4) synthesizing procedures. Irrelevant domains of formalization excesses are avoided by keeping strictly to definitions demarcating natural from artificial languages. Comparative evaluations of agglutinated as well asisolated morphologies are necessary.

• Sprache
• development
• morphology
• phase
• structure
• transport
• units

• Institut für Informatik, Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart 1, Germany

  Peter Kümmel

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