Citric Acid

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xii

   PDF

2. Introduction

   • Alexander Apelblat

   Pages 1-11

3. Properties of Citric Acid and Its Solutions

   • Alexander Apelblat

   Pages 13-141

4. Dissociation Equilibria in Solutions with Citrate Ions

   • Alexander Apelblat

   Pages 143-212

5. Citric Acid Chemistry

   • Alexander Apelblat

   Pages 213-266

6. Physicochemical Properties of Inorganic Citrates

   • Alexander Apelblat

   Pages 267-357

This monograph is devoted to different aspects associated with citric acid, inorganic citrates and their aqueous and organic solutions. It includes information about properties, occurrence and technological applications of citric acid and inorganic citrates. Phase equilibria - melting, freezing, boiling, vapour pressures, solubilities of citric acid in water, organic solvents and ternary systems are presented, correlated, and analyzed. Dynamic properties - viscosities, diffusion coefficients, electrical conductivities and surface tensions are examined. Mathematical representations of citric acid dissociation, in electrolyte solutions and in buffers are discussed. Citric acid chemistry - syntheses of citric acid, neutralization, degradation, oxidation, esterification, formation of anhydrides, amides and citrate-based siderophores is reviewed.

• Citrate Ions
• Citric Acid
• Inorganic Citrates
• Physical Properties of Citric Acid
• The Chemistry of Citric Acid

“This book gives a comprehensive review of the physicochemical properties of aqueous solutions of citric acid and various inorganic citrates.” (Professor i.R. Dr.-Ing. Gerd Maurer, Mannheim)

• Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel

  Alexander Apelblat

Prof. Dr. Apelblat is based at the Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Department of Chemical Engineering, Israel.

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