DNA Damage and Repair in Human Tissues

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-ix

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2. DNA Lesion Measurement in Human Tissues

   1. Measurement of DNA Adducts by Immunoassays

      • Miriam C. Poirier, Ainsley Weston, Shalina Gupta-Burt, Eddie Reed

      Pages 1-11

   2. Detection of Human DNA Adducts by 32P-Postlabeling

      • Kurt Randerath, Erika Randerath

      Pages 13-32

   3. Immunologic Methods for the Detection of Carcinogen Adducts in Humans

      • Regina M. Santella, Xiao Yen Yang, Ling Ling Hsieh, Tie Lan Young, Xiao Qing Lu, Marina Stefanidis et al.

      Pages 33-44

   4. Lesion Measurement in Non-Radioactive DNA by Quantitative Gel Electrophoresis

      • John C. Sutherland, Chun Zhang Chen, Ann Emrick, Haim Hacham, Denise C. Monteleone, Eldred Ribeiro et al.

      Pages 45-61

   5. Fluorescence Detection of Lesions in DNA

      • Ainsley Weston, Elise D. Bowman, David K. Manchester, Curtis C. Harris

      Pages 63-81

3. Damage and Repair in Skin

   1. Solar Radiation Induced Skin Cancer and DNA Photoproducts in Humans

      • Paul T. Strickland, Benjamin C. Vitasa, Magnus Bruze, Edward A. Emmett, Sheila West, Hugh R. Taylor

      Pages 83-94

   2. Defective DNA Repair in Humans: Clinical and Molecular Studies of Xeroderma Pigmentosum

      • Kenneth H. Kraemer, Saraswathy Seetharam, Michael M. Seidman, Anders Bredberg, Douglas Brash, Haywood L. Waters et al.

      Pages 95-104

   3. 5-MOP Induced Protection Against Epidermal DNA Damage by Ultraviolet Radiation in Human Skin

      • Antony R Young, Christopher S Potten, Caroline A Chadwick, Gillian M Murphy, A Jeffrey Cohen

      Pages 105-116

   4. Variability in DNA Repair in Human Skin

      • Steven E. Freeman

      Pages 117-125

   5. Effects of Chemicals on Photobiologic Reactions of Skin

      • R. E. Davies, P. D. Forbes, F. Urbach

      Pages 127-135

   6. Repair of 8-MOP Photoadducts in Human Lymphocytes

      • F. Gasparro, P. Bevilacqua, D. Goldminz, R. Edelson

      Pages 137-148

4. Human Skin: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

   1. DNA Damage and Repair in Human Skin: Pathways and Questions

      • Betsy M. Sutherland, Haim Hacham, Richard W. Gange, Daniel Maytum, John C. Sutherland

      Pages 149-160

   2. Unscheduled DNA Synthesis in Human Skin

      • Herbert Hönigsmann

      Pages 161-173

   3. DNA Repair in Mammalian Tissues and Cells

      • Hans E. Krokan, Lisbeth C. Olsen, Rein Aasland, Gunnar Volden, Guri Eggset, Bjørnar Myrnes et al.

      Pages 175-190

   4. Damage Specific Mammalian Endonucleases

      • Bjørn-Ivar Haukanes, Paul W. Doetsch, Lisbeth C. Olsen, Ikramul Huq, Hans E. Krokan, Dag E. Helland

      Pages 191-202

5. Model Systems for Human Skin

   1. Characteristics of DNA Excision Repair in Nondividing Xeroderma Pigmentosum Cells, Complementation Group C

      • G. J. Kantor

      Pages 203-214

   2. Prospects for Epithelial Gene Therapy

      • Elizabeth S. Fenjves, Joseph I. Lee, Jonathan A. Garlick, David A. Gordon, David L. Williams, Lorne B. Taichman

      Pages 215-223

   3. The Significance of DNA Damage and Repair Mechanisms in Health Risk Assessment

      • Lorenz Rhomberg, Vicki L. Dellarco, William H. Farland, Roger S. Cortesi

      Pages 225-232

6. DNA Damage and Repair in Human Blood Cells

   1. Measurements of Genomic and Gene-Specific DNA Repair of Alkylation Damage in Cultured Human T-Lymphocytes

      • Jeanette N. Hartshorn, David A. Scicchitano, Steven H. Robison

      Pages 233-249

Physical and chemical agents in the environment damage the DNA of humans, and pose a major threat to human health today, and to the genetic integrity of human populations. Although studies on isolated DNA in vitro, on prokaryotes, on mammalian cells in culture, and on laboratory animals have provided essential background information, it is now possible to study DNA damage and repair in human tissues directly. New techniques of high sensitivity, especially those not requiring radioactive labeling have made possible quantitation of DNA damage and repair, as well as detection of residual, unrepaired DNA lesions . In recent years, several investigators have taken up the challenge of studying damage and repair responses in humans, and we have chosen that work as the special focus of this Symposium. Major advances in under­ standing damage and responses in human skin, in blood cells and in human internal organs indicate three major themes. First, DNA damage levels in human tissues depend not only on the initial exposures, but also on the capapacity of that tissue for repair of the specific lesion type. Second, repair in human tissues may differ quantitatively and qualitatively from that in human cells in culture.

• DNA
• Laboratory
• Xeroderma pigmentosum
• blood
• blood cell
• cancer
• cells
• chromosome
• gene therapy
• genes
• population
• skin
• skin cancer
• therapy
• tissue

• Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, USA

  Betsy M. Sutherland, Avril D. Woodhead

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