Environmental Change and Human Security: Recognizing and Acting on Hazard Impacts

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xxiii

   PDF

2. Approaches to Environmental and Human Security

   1. Introduction

      • P. H. Liotta

      Pages 1-5

   2. Zombie Concepts and Boomerang Effects

      • P. H. Liotta, Allan W. Shearer

      Pages 9-33

   3. Measuring Human Security

      • Taylor Owen

      Pages 35-64

3. Environmental Challenges: Examples From North Africa, The Balkans, and The Middle East

   1. Drylands in Crisis

      • David A. Mouat, Judith M. Lancaster

      Pages 67-80

   2. Desertification in Jordan

      • Mu'taz Al-Alawi

      Pages 81-102

   3. Global Environmental Change and the International Efforts Concerning Environmental Conservation

      • Liviu-Daniel Galatchi

      Pages 103-115

   4. Management of Environmental Challenges and Sustainability of Bulgarian Agriculture

      • Hrabrin Bachev

      Pages 117-142

   5. Regional Assessment of Landscape and Land Use Change in the Mediterranean Region

      • Nash S. Maliha, Deborah J. Chaloud, William G. Kepner, Samuel Sarri

      Pages 143-165

4. Human Challenges: Case Studies

   1. Human Security for an Urban Century

      • Robert J. Lawson, Maciek Hawrylak, Sarah Houghton

      Pages 169-202

   2. Urbanization and Environmental Security

      • Nikolai Bobylev

      Pages 203-216

   3. Approaching Environmental Security

      • Steven R. Hearne

      Pages 217-251

   4. The Human Security Dilemma

      • Ryerson Christie

      Pages 253-269

   5. Securing Humans And/Or Environment In The Post-Conflict Balkans

      • Biljana Vankovska, Toni Mileski

      Pages 271-297

   6. Environmental Justice and Health Disparities in Appalachia, Ohio

      • Michele Morrone

      Pages 299-323

5. Acting on Hazard Impacts: Examples from Sub-Saharan Africa, Eastern Europe, and Central Asia

   1. Poverty-Environment Linkages and their Implications for Security

      • D. H. Smith

      Pages 327-340

   2. Human and Environmental Security in the Sahel

      • Colonel Cindy R. Jebb, Colonel Laurel J. Hummel, Lieutenant Colonel Luis Rios, Lieutenant Colonel Madelfia A. Abb

      Pages 341-392

   3. Environment and Security in Eastern Europe

      • Oleg Udovyk

      Pages 393-405

   4. Environmental Issues Of The Kyrgyz Republic And Central Asia

      • A. K. Tynybekov, V. M. Lelevkin, J. E. Kulenbekov

      Pages 407-432

   5. Environmental Change in the Aral Sea Region

      • Rashid Khaydarov, Renat Khaydarov

      Pages 433-447

Environmental and Human Security: Then and Now 1 2 ALAN D. HECHT AND P. H. LIOTTA * 1 U. S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development 2 Pell Center for International Relations and Public Policy Salve Regina University 1. Nontraditional Threats to Security The events of September 11, 2001 have sharpened the debate over the meaning of being secure. Before 9/11 there were warnings in all parts of the world that social and environmental changes were occurring. While there was prosperity in North America and Western Europe, there was also increasing recognition that local and global effects of ecosystem degradation posed a serious threat. Trekking from Cairo to Cape Town thirty years after living in Africa as a young teacher, for example, travel writer Paul Theroux concluded that development in sub-Saharan Africa had failed to improve the quality of life for 300 million people: “Africa is materially more decrepit than it was when I first knew it—hungrier, poorer, less educated, more pessimistic, more corrupt, and you can’t tell the politicians from the witch-doctors” (2002). While scholars and historians will debate the causes of 9/11 for some time, one message is clear: An often dizzying array of nontraditional threats and complex vulnerabilities define security today. We must understand them, and deal with them, or suffer the consequences. Environmental security has always required att- tion to nontraditional threats linked closely with social and economic well-being.

• Environmental
• Migration
• NATO
• PEACE
• Science
• Security
• Sub-Series C
• environment
• hazard
• landscape/regional and urban planning

• Pell Center for International Relations and Public Policy, Salve Regina University, Newport, USA

  P. H. Liotta

• Division of Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Reno, USA

  David A. Mouat, Judith M. Lancaster

• U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development, Las Vegas, USA

  William G. Kepner

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