Acute Leukemias IV

1. Leukemia Cell Biology

   1. Clinical Applications of Stromal Cell Studies in Acute Leukemia

      • A. Yu. Zaritskey, O. V. Strijak, L. S. Zubarovskaya, K. V. Efimov, B. V. Afanasiev

      Pages 106-109

   2. Effects of TNF α on AML Cells Determined by Flow Cytometric Technique Based on Bromodeoxyuridine Incorporation

      • H.-D. Kleine, U. Wagner, E. Lux, G. Döring, H. Poliwoda, M. Freund

      Pages 110-115

   3. In Vitro Isolation of Human Cytotoxic Clones Specific for Autologous Leukemic Blasts

      • D. Montagna, M. Aricò, E. Montini, F. De Benedetti, A. Martini, R. Maccario

      Pages 116-120

   4. Lymphocyte Subsets and IL-1 Production in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia During Intensive Chemo- and Radiotherapy

      • A. Chybicka, J. Boguslawska-Jaworska, W. Jaworski

      Pages 121-126

2. Novel Therapeutic Approaches

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 127-127

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   2. Treatment Strategy of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Using All Trans Retinoic Acid

      • L. Degos

      Pages 129-132

   3. Modulation of Ara-C Metabolism by Fludarabine: Therapy for Acute Myelogenous Leukemia

      • V. Gandhi, M. J. Keating, E. Estey, W. Plunkett

      Pages 133-137

   4. GM-CSF in Chemotherapy for Newly Diagnosed AML: Multiple Course Priming and Longterm Administration Compared to Chemotherapy Alone

      • T. Büchner, W. Hiddemann, R. Rottmann, B. Wörmann, M. Zühlsdorf, G. Maschmeyer et al.

      Pages 138-141

3. Etoposide Update of Clinical Experiences

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 143-143

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   2. Pharmacokinetic Aspects of Etoposide Therapy — A Review

      • U. Schuler, G. Ehninger

      Pages 145-153

   3. Clinical Pharmacokinetics of VP-16 — Special Aspects in Children

      • J. Boos

      Pages 154-158

   4. DEXA-BEAM Salvage Chemotherapy and High-Dose Chemotherapy Followed by Autologous Bone Marrow Transplantation in Hodgkin’s Disease

      • N. Schmitz, M. Pfreundschuh, V. Diehl, The German Hodgkin Study Group

      Pages 159-164

   5. Chronic Etoposide Schedules in the Treatment of Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

      • J. D. Hainsworth, F. A. Greco

      Pages 165-171

   6. Etoposide (VP-16) Disposition in Children with Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia

      • T. Madden, J. Mirro Jr., J. Belt, C. Hurwitz, W. R. Crom

      Pages 172-174

   7. Myeloablative Regimens Containing High Dose Etoposide Followed by Allogeneic or Autologous Bone Marrow Transplantation for Hematologic Malignancies

      • K. G. Blume, D. S. Snyder, N. J. Chao, S. J. Forman

      Pages 175-178

4. Hematopoietic Growth Factors: New Aspects for Leukemia Treatment

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 179-179

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   2. Effects on Ara-C Cytotoxicity for AML Colony Forming Cells By Priming With rhGM-CSF and rhIL-3 In Vitro and In Vivo

      • M. Zühlsdorf, S. Weisspfennig, C. Busemann, C. Ameling, B. Wörmann, W. Hiddemann et al.

      Pages 181-184

   3. Myelodysplastic Syndromes: Treatment Indication and Choice of Therapy

      • A. Ganser, O. G. Ottmann, D. Hoelzer

      Pages 185-200

   4. Autologous Bone Marrow Transplantation for Lymphoid Malignancies: The Use of Hematopoietic Growth Factors

      • J. M. Vose, E. C. Reed, P. J. Bierman, J. O. Armitage

      Pages 201-204

5. Mitoxantrone: Impact on the Treatment of Leukemias and Lymphomas

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 205-205

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The rates of acute leukemia cure have gradually improved over the last decade. Clinical study results reflect the impact of chemotherapy intensity and duration, the role of prolonged maintenance, intensified consolidation or very early intensification. Further progress has also been achieved in bone marrow trans­ plantation, and recent prospective studies and meta-analyses have contributed comparisons of the high antileukemic efficacy of bone marrow transplantation to that of improved chemotherapy. This allows a more successful combining of the two forms of treatment. New prognostic factors have emerged from both cytogenetic and molecular genetic research. Thus, the Philadelphia chromosome translocation and the bcr/abl gene rearrangement have proven to be the dominating risk factor in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Since the frequency increases with age, differences in prognosis between children and adults can be explained. Evaluation of molecular and immunologic leukemia cell markers has provided a better understanding of residual leukemia in clinical remission, as a prognostic factor and in monitoring the effectiveness of the antileukemic strategy. Recent work on leukemic cell biology has resulted in novel therapeutic approaches such as terminal differentiation by all-trans-retinoic acid, modulation of chemotherapy by hematopoietic growth factors such as GM-CSF and enhancement of immunologic control by cytokines such as interleukin 2. New antimicrobial drugs and the application of mostly empiric anti-infectious strategies have helped reducing the therapeutic risk. Thus, a number of recent achievements have provided us with new options in the management of patients with acute leukemias.

• bone marrow
• cancer
• cell
• chemotherapy
• classification
• clinical trial
• cytogenetics
• growth
• immunotherapy
• interferon
• leukemia
• lymphoma
• oncology
• steroids
• transplantation

• Department of Internal Medicine, Germany

  T. Büchner

• Department of Internal Medicine, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany

  W. Hiddemann, B. Wörmann

• Department of Pediatrics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany

  G. Schellong, J. Ritter

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