Abstract
To evaluate the response of various rice genotypes to environmental variability and fluctuation in temperature for growth and development of the plant, an experiment was conducted at Agriculture Research Institute (N) Mingora Swat, Pakistan, during summer 2011. The site is located at 34° and 36° North latitude and 72° and 73° East longitude and at an altitude of 975 m above sea level. Experimental site falls in temperate region where the average annual precipitation is ranges from 1000 to 1200 mm. Seven genotypes (PARC 403, OM5627, IR64, IR8225-9-3-2-3, CIBOGO, GA-5015, and Fakhre Malakand) were evaluated for growth and yield parameters in respect of seasonal variation of transplanting. Five transplanting dates, (D1 = 25th May, D2 = 9th June, D3 = 24th June, D4 = 9th July, and D5 = 25th July) were used during the study. Results divulge that optimum temperature for well growth and development was found on D2 (9th June), taken less number of days to 50% flowering (72), less number of days taken physiological maturity (112), produced taller plant height (88.62 cm), maximum tiller plant–1 (20.3 cm), panicle length (22.0 and 22.0 cm), paddies panicle–1(191 and 193), 1000 paddy weight (18.15 and 18.16 g) and paddy yield (5.65 and 5.53 t ha–1) respectively. As the transplanting was delayed decreased in yield contributing parameters was noted. Panicle length (17.9 cm), paddies panicle–1 (176.14) and paddy yield (4.12 t ha–1) was observed when transplanting was done on D5, while D1 and D4 were at par valued in tiller plant–1, Panicle length, 1000 paddy weight, and paddy yield respectively. Fakhre-e-Malakand was found best among the tested genotypes for early maturity, maximum plant height, highest tillers plant–1 (22.2), panicle length (21.8 cm), paddies panicle–1 (197.7), 1000 paddy weight (19.2 g) and paddy yield (6.49 t ha–1) under the northern climatic scenario.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Khan, A.A., Imran, Shah, F.A., Inamullah, L.Z., Naeem, M., and Khan, M.N., Phenological traits of rice as influenced by seedling age and number of seedling per hill under temperate region, J. Biol. Agric. Healthcare, 2015, vol. 5, no. 3, p.145.
Bashir, M.U., Akbar, N., Iqbal, A., and Zaman, H., Effect of different sowing dates on yield and yield components of direct seeded coarse rice (Oryza sativa L.), Pak. J. Agric. Sci., 2010, vol. 47, no. 4, pp. 361–365.
Biswas, P.K. and Salokhe, V.M., Effects of planting date, intensity of tiller separation and plant density on the yield of transplanted rice, J. Agric. Sci., 2001, vol. 137, no. 3, pp. 279–287.
Hussain, S., Ramzan, M., Aslam, M., Manzoor, Z., and Safdar, M.E., Effect of various stand establishment methods on yield and yield components of rice, Proceedings of International Seminar on Rice Crop, Lahore, 2005.
Imran and Khan, A.A., Effect of transplanting dates on yield and yield components of various rice genotypes in hilly area cold climatic region of Khyber Pakhtunlhwa-Pakistan, J. Biol. Agric. Healthcare, 2015, vol. 5, no.7.
Imran, Khan, A.A., Akhtar, K., Zaheer, S., and Ali, S., Rice seedling characteristics of various genotypes influenced by different sowing dates in Swat-Pakistan, J. Environ. Earth Sci., 2015, vol. 5, no.1.
Imran, Khan, A.A., Inamullah, and Luqman, Weeding stages and their effect on yield and yield components of rice in upper Swat, Pakistan, Pak. J. Weed Sci. Res., 2015, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 555–563.
Imran, Khan, A.A., and Ahmad, F., Phenology of various rice genotypes as affected by different transplanting dates under cold climatic region of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Pakistan, J. Environ. Earth Sci., 2015, vol. 5, no.3.
Jan, M.T., Shah, P., Hollington, P.A., Khan, M.J., and Sohail, Q., Agriculture Research: Design and Analysis, A Monograph, Agric. Univ. Pesh. Pak., 2009.
Khakwani, A.A., Zubair, M., Mansoor, M., Naveed, K., Shah, I.H., Wahab, A., Ilyas, M., and Ahmed, I., Agronomic and morphological parameters of rice crop as affected by date of transplanting, J. Agron., 2006, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 248–250.
Kim, J.K. and Krishnan, H.B., Making rice a perfect food: Tuning dreams into reality, J. Crop Prod., 2002, vol. 5, nos. 1–2, pp. 93–130.
Lu, K.Y. and Cai, M.L., Characteristics of growth and development and high yield cultivation technology in rice, J. Huazhong Agric. Univ., 2000, no. 2, pp. 91–94.
Mahmood, N., Hussain, A., Akhtar, B., Ahmad, A.H., and Saleem, M., Effect of transplanting date and irrigation on rice paddy yield, Sci. Tech. Dev., 1995, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 49–52.
Majid, A., Ahmad, S.I., and Saeed, M.A., Effects of different direct sowing techniques and date of sowing on rice production, J. Agric. Mech. Asia, 1989, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 19–22.
Shah, L.M. and Bhurer, K.P., Response of wet seeded rice varieties to sowing dates, Nepal Agric. Res. J., 2005, vol. 6, pp. 35–38.
Yawinder, S.D., Nagi, H.S., Sidhu, G.S., and Sekhon, K.S., Physicochemical, milling and cooking quality of rice as affected by sowing and transplanting dates, J. Sci. Food Agric., 2006, vol. 37, no. 9, pp. 881–887.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
The article is published in the original.
About this article
Cite this article
Imran Ecological Environmental Variability Influence Growth and Yield Potential of Rice under Northern Climatic Scenario. Russ. Agricult. Sci. 44, 18–24 (2018). https://doi.org/10.3103/S106836741801010X
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3103/S106836741801010X