Abstract
We report that the ultraviolet (UV) light induced photochromic behavior of layered organic-inorganic perovskite material of (C4H9NH3)2CuCl4, changed from yellow to brown after irradiation with UV light (10 mW/cm2) and partially recovered through storage in the dark. (C4H9NH3)2CuCl4 exhibited two distinct absorption bands centered at 286 nm (band I) and 384 nm (band II), which were attributed to the photo-induced exciton formed in 2D inorganic layers sandwiched by organic layers. The blue shift of band I from 287 to 269 nm as well as the decrease of the intensity of band I and band II could be found when samples were irradiated under UV light for different length of time. The simultaneous weakening of the intensity of the N-H⋯Cl hydrogen bond as well as the vibration of the long Cu-Cl bond in the distorted CuCl6 4− octahedron could be detected from the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, which resulted the change of charge distribution of the dissymmetric Cl-Cu⋯Cl bond and the resulting photochromic behavior.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Cheng, Z.Y., Wang, Z., Xing, R.B., Han, Y.C., Lin, J., 2003. Patterning and photoluminescent properties of perovskite-type organic/inorganic hybrid luminescent films by soft lithography. Chemical Physics Letters, 376(3—4):481–486. [doi:10.1016/S0009-2614(03)01017-0]
Geraud, E., Mohwald, H., Shchukin, D.G., 2008. Templating of perovskite-related films using layer-by-layer assemblies and nanoparticle building blocks. Chemistry of Materials, 20(16):5139–5145. [doi:10.1021/cm7020559]
Jain, P., Dalal, N.S., Toby, B.H., Kroto, H.W., Cheetham, A.K., 2008. Order-disorder antiferroelectric phase transition in a hybrid inorganic-organic framework with the perovskite architecture. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 130(32):10450-10451. [doi:10.1021/ja801952e]
Li, Y., Zheng, G., Lin, C., Lin, J., 2008. New organic-inorganic perovskite materials with different optical properties modulated by different inorganic sheets. Crystal Growth & Design, 8(6):1990–1996. [doi:10.1021/cg800047p]
Mitzi, D.B., 1996. Synthesis, crystal structure, and optical and thermal properties of (C4H9NH3)2MI4 (M=Ge, Sn, Pb). Chemistry of Materials 8:791–800. [doi:10.1021/cm9505097]
Mitzi, D.B., 2001. Thin-film deposition of organic-inorganic hybrid materials. Chemistry of Materials, 13(10): 3283–3298. [doi:10.1021/cm0101677]
Mitzi, D.B., 2004. Solution-processed inorganic semiconductors. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 14(15):2355–2365. [doi:10.1039/b403482a]
Myles, A.J., Wigglesworth, T.J., Branda, N.R., 2003. A multi-addressable photochromic 1,2-dithienylcyclopentene-phenoxynaphthacenequinone hybrid. Advanced Materials, 15(9):745–748. [doi:10.1002/adma.200304917]
Rodriguez, F., Aguado, F., Valiente, R., Hanfland, M., Itie, J.P., 2007. Variation of the Jahn-Teller distortion with pressure in perovskite layers A2CuCl4. Influence on the charge-transfer band. Physica Status Solidi (B), 24:156–161. [doi:10.1002/pssb.200672506]
Sourisseau, S., Louvain, N., Bi, W.H., Mercier, N., Rondeau, D., Buzare, J.Y., Legein, C., 2007. Hybrid perovskite resulting from the solid-state reaction between the organic cations and perovskite layers of α1-(Br-(CH2)2-NH3)2PbI4. Inorganic Chemistry, 46:6148–6154. [doi:10.1021/ic070240g]
Smith, D.W., 1976. Chlorocuprates(II). Coordination Chemistry Reviews, 21(2–3):93–260. [doi:10.1016/S0010-8545(00)80445-2]
Valiente, R., Rodriguez, F., 1996. Polarized electronic spectra of the (CH3NH3)2Cd1-x MnxCl4 (x=0∼1) perovskite layer doped with Cu2+: Study of the Cl−→Cu2+ charge transfer intensity enhancement along the series. Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, 57:571–578.
Valiente, R., Rodriguez, F., 1999. Electron-phonon coupling in charge-transfer and crystal-field states of Jahn-Teller CuCl6 4−. systems. Physical Review B, 60(13):9423–9429. [doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.60.9423]
Valiente, R., Rodriguez, F., Moreno, M., Hitchman, M., 1999. Effect of pressure on the Cl−→Cu2+ charge transfer in A2CuCl4 layer perovskites (A=CnH2n+1NH3, n=2, 3) and (3-Chloroanilinium)8[CuCl6]Cl4: structural correlations. Physica B: Condensed Matter, 265(1–4):176–180. [doi:10.1016/S0921-4526(98)01365-9]
Wselucha-Birczynska, A., Pluszkiewicz, C., Borzecka-Prolop, B., 2003. FTIR and XRD studies of the temperature changes in copper(II)-cinchoninium compound: the importance of the sample preparation. Journal of Molecular Structure, 651:525–531.
Xu, H.P., Sun, J.Z., Qin, A.J., 2006. Functional perovskite hybrid of polyacetylene ammonium and lead bromide: synthesis, light emission, and fluorescence imagining. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 110(43):21701–21709. [doi:10.1021/jp0646269]
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 50318001, 50433020, 50503021 and 50520150165), and the Developing Program of Changjiang Scholar and Innovation Team from Ministry of Education of China (No. IRT0651)
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Pan, Xw., Wu, G., Wang, M. et al. Partially reversible photochromic behavior of organic-inorganic perovskites with copper(II) chloride. J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. A 10, 710–715 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.A0820736
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.A0820736