Abstract
We utilize the anomalous dispersion of planar photonic crystals near the dielectric band edge to control the wavelength-dependent propagation of light. We typically observe an angular swing of up to 10° as the input wavelength is changed from 1290 nm to 1310 nm, which signifies an angular dispersion of 0.5°/nm (“Superprism” phenomenon). Such a strong angular dispersion is of the order required for WDM systems. By tuning the incident angle, light beams with up to 20° divergence were collimated over a 25 nm (1285 nm to 1310 nm) bandwidth using a triangular lattice (“Supercollimator” phenomenon). The wavelength collimating range can be extended from 25 nm to 40 nm by changing the lattice from triangular to square. These two devices can be realized in the same configuration, simply by tuning the wavelength. Sources of loss are discussed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Baba, T., Ohsaki, D., 2001. Interfaces of photonic crystals for high efficiency light transmission. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 40:5920–5924, Part 1. [doi:10.1143/JJAP.40.5920]
Baba, T., Nakamura, M., 2002. Photonic crystal light deflection devices using the superprism effect. IEEE J. Quan. Electron., 38:908–914.
Jugessur, A.S., Bakhtazad, A., Wu, L., Kirk, A., Krauss, T.F., de la Rue, R.M., 2005. A compact and integrated 2-D photonic crystal superprism filter-device for wavelength demultiplexing applications. Submitted.
Kosaka, H., Kawashima, T., Tomita, A., Notomi, M., Tamamura, T., Sato, T., Kawakami, S., 1998. Superprism phenomena in photonic crystals. Phys. Rev. B, 58:R10096–R10099. [doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.58.R10096]
Kosaka, H., Kawashima, T., Tomita, A., Notomi, M., Tamamura, T., Sato, T., Kawakami, S., 1999a. Superprism phenomena in photonic crystals: Toward microscale lightwave circuits. J. Lightwar Technol., 17:2032–2038. [doi:10.1109/50.802991]
Kosaka, H., Kawashima, T., Tomita, A., Notomi, M., Tamamura, T., Sato, T., Kawakami, S., 1999b. Self-collimating phenomena in photonic crystals. Appl. Phys. Lett., 74:1212–1214. [doi:10.1063/1.123502]
Kosaka, H., Kawashima, T., Tomita, A., Sato, T., Kawakami, S., 2000. Photonic-crystal spot-size converter. Appl. Phys. Lett., 76:268–270. [doi:10.1063/1.125743]
Krauss, T.F., de la Rue, R.M., Brand, S., 1996. Two-dimensional photonic-bandgap structures operating at nearinfrared wavelengths. Nature, 383:699–702. [doi:10.1038/383699a0]
Notomi, M., 2000. Theory of light propagation in strongly modulated photonic crystals: Refractionlike behaviour in the vicinity of the photonic band gap. Phys. Rev. B, 62:10696–10705. [doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.62.10696]
Witzens, J., Loncar, M., Acherer, A., 2002. Self-collimation in planar photonic crystals. IEEE J. Selected Topics in Quantum Electron., 8:1246–1257. [doi:10.1109/JSTQE.2002.806693]
Witzens, J., Baehr-Jones, T., Scherer, A., 2005. Hybrid superprism with low insertion losses and suppressed cross-talk. Phys. Rev. E, 71:026604. [doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.71.026604]
Wu, L., Mazilu, M., Karle, T., Krauss, T.F., 2002. Superprism phenomena in planar photonic crystals. IEEE J. Quan. Electron., 38:915–918. [doi:10.1109/JQE.2002.1017607]
Wu, L., Mazilu, M., Krauss, T.F., 2003a. Beam steering in planar-photonic crystals: From superprism to supercollimator. J. Lightwave Tech., 21:561–566. [doi:10.1109/JLT.2003.808773]
Wu, L., Mazilu, M., Gallet, J.F., Krauss, T.F., 2003b. Square lattice photonic-crystal collimator. Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications, 1:31–36. [doi:10.1016/S1569-4410(03)00004-X]
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wu, Lj., Mazilu, M., Gallet, J.F. et al. Beam steering in planar photonic crystal based on its anomalous dispersive properties. J. Zhejiang Univ. - Sci. A 7, 45–54 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.2006.A0045
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.2006.A0045