Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Characterisation of the physico-chemical properties of surface-treated indium tin oxide anodes for organic light-emitting diodes

  • Published:
MRS Online Proceedings Library Aims and scope

Abstract

We studied the surface properties of indium-tin oxide (ITO) modified by wet (aquaregia, ultrasonication, RCA) and dry (oxygen- and argon-plasma) treatments. The surface modification was investigated by surface energy, surface morphology, sheet resistance, carrier concentration, carrier mobility, and workfunction measurements. We report that the studied oxygen-plasma treatment induces: the highest surface energy with the highest polarity, the smoothest surface, the highest carrier density but the lowest mobility, the lowest sheet resistance, and the highest workfunction (stable in air). Polymer light-emitting diodes fabricated with the oxygen plasma treated substrates give the best performance in terms of electroluminescence efficiency and device lifetime. This is attributed to a favorable surface modification of ITO anodes by oxygen-plasma.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. S. Karg, J. C. Scott, J. R. Salem, and M. Angelopoulos, Synth. Met. 80, 111–117 (1996).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. A. Berntsen, Y. Croonen, R. Cuijpers, B. Habets, C. Liedenbaum, H. Schoo, R. J. Visser, J. Vleggaar, and P.v. d. Weijer, The Proceedings of SPIE’s 42nd Annual Meeting, San Diego 3148, 264–271 (1997).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. S. A. Carter, M. Angelopoulos, S. Karg, P. J. Brock, and J. C. Scott, Appl. Phys. Lett. 70, 2067–2069 (1997).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. J. C. Carter, I. Grizzi, S. K. Heeks, D. J. Lacey, S. G. Latham, P. G. May, O. R. Delospanos, K. Pichler, C. R. Towns, and H. F. Wittmann, Appl. Phys. Lett. 71, 34–36 (1997).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. C. C. Wu, C. I. Wu, J. C. Sturm, and A. Kahn, Appl. Phys. Lett. 70, 1348–1350 (1997).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. S. Fujita, T. Sakamoto, K. Ueda, K. Ohta, and S. Fujita, Jap. J. Appl. Phys. Part 1 - Regular Papers Short Notes & Rev. Papers 36, 350–353 (1997).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. F. Li, H. Tang, J. Shinar, O. Resto, and S. Z. Weisz, Appl. Phys. Lett. 70, 2741–2743 (1997).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. C. Y. Chang and S. M. Sze, ULSI Technology (McGraw-Hill, Singapore, 1996), pp60–62.

    Google Scholar 

  9. S. Wu, Polymer Interface and Adhesion (Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, 1982), pp171–178.

    Google Scholar 

  10. J. S. Kim, R. H. Friend, and F. Cacialli, Appl. Phys. Lett., in press.

  11. J. S. Kim, F. Cacialli, A. Cola, G. Gigli, and R. Cingolani, submitted to Appl. Phys. Lett. (1999).

  12. J. S. Kim, M. Granstrdm, R. H. Friend, N. Johansson, W. R. Salaneck, R. Daik, W. J. Feast, and F. Cacialli, J. Appl. Phys. 84, 6859–6870 (1998).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. P. A. Cox, The Electronic Structure and Chemistry of Solids (Oxford University Press, New York, 1987) pp230–232.

    Google Scholar 

  14. T. Ishida, H. Kobayashi, and Y. Nakato, J. Appl. Phys. 73, 4344–4350 (1993).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. J. S. Kim, P. K. H. Ho, R. H. Friend, G. W. Bao, S. F. Y. Li, and F. Cacialli, unpublished.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cavendish Laboratory, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 OHE, UK

    J. S. Kima, M. Granströma, R. H. Friend & F. Cacialli

  2. Department of Physics, IFM, University of Linköping, S-518 83, Linköping, Sweden

    N. Johansson & W. R. Salaneck

  3. CCNR IME Istituto Nuovi Materiali per I’Elettronica, Via Arnesano, Lecce, Italy

    A. Cola

  4. INFM, Dep. of Material Science, Univ. of Lecce, Via Amesano, Lecce, Italy

    G. Gigli & R. Cingolani

Authors
  1. J. S. Kima
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. M. Granströma
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. R. H. Friend
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. N. Johansson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. W. R. Salaneck
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. A. Cola
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. G. Gigli
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. R. Cingolani
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. F. Cacialli
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Kima, J.S., Granströma, M., Friend, R.H. et al. Characterisation of the physico-chemical properties of surface-treated indium tin oxide anodes for organic light-emitting diodes. MRS Online Proceedings Library 558, 427–432 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1557/PROC-558-427

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1557/PROC-558-427

Search

Navigation