Abstract
The oxygen redox couple in adsorbed water films acts as an “electrochemical ground” that tends to pin the Fermi level in solids at the electrochemical potential of the redox couple. We discuss this effect on the conductivity of diamond; the conductivity type of sp2-based carbons including single-walled, semiconducting carbon nanotubes and graphene; the photoluminescence of GaN and ZnO; and the contact charging of metals.
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Chakrapani, V., Angus, J.C., Kash, K. et al. Electrochemical Charge Transfer to Diamond and Other Materials. MRS Online Proceedings Library 1203, 701 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1557/PROC-1203-J07-01
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1557/PROC-1203-J07-01