Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Formation of maghemite nanoparticles in bismuth telluride materials containing iron

  • Article
  • Published:
Journal of Materials Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Bismuth telluride (Bi2Te3) systems containing 2%, 4%, and 8% of iron were prepared using a low temperature wet chemical method. Iron oxide nanoparticles were formed when the samples were heated in hydrogen at 250 °C for at least six hours. The samples were characterized by x-ray diffraction, magnetization, magnetic susceptibility, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Mössbauer spectroscopy, and wet chemical analysis measurements. The nanoparticles of iron oxide were identified as γ-Fe2O3 with a particle size of ~5 nm.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. J.J. Ritter: A novel synthesis of polycrystalline bismuth telluride. Inorg. Chem.336419 (1994)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. H.T. Zhang, X.G. Luo, C.H. Wang, Y.M. Xiong, S.Y. Li, X.H. Chen: Characterization of nanocrystalline bismuth telluride Bi2Te3 synthesized by a hydrothermal method. J. Cryst. Growth265558 (2004)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Y.L. Chen, J.G. Analytis, J-H. Chu, Z.K. Liu, S-K. Mo, X.L. Qi, H.J. Zhang, D.H. Lu, X. Dai, Z. Fang, S.C. Zhang, I.R. Fisher, Z. Hussain, Z-X. Shen: Experimental realization of a three-dimensional topological insulator, Bi2Te3. Science325178 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. L.D. Dudkin, L.I. Petrova, V.M. Sokolova: Physicochemical processes at the Bi2Te2.4Se0.6/Fe contact. Inorg. Mater.35676 (1999)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. V.A. Kulbachinskii, A.Y. Kaminskii, K. Kindo, Y. Narumi, K. Suga, P. Lostak, P. Svanda: Ferromagnetism in new diluted magnetic semiconductor Bi2-xFexTe3. Physica B311292 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. W. Min, C. Lee, Y. Park, I. Park: Fabrication and thermoelectric properties of p-type Bi1Sb4Te7.5 alloy doped with Fe3O4. Mater. Sci. Forum510-5111086 (2006)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. A.N. Thorpe, F.E. Senftle, J.R. Grant: Magnetic study of magnetite in the Tagish Lake meteorite. Meteorit. Planet. Sci.37763 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. A.N. Thorpe, F.E. Senfle, M. Holt, J. Grant, W. Lowe, H. Anderson, E. Williams, C.L. Monkres, A. Barkatt: Magnetization, micro-x-ray fluorescence, and transmission electron microscopy studies of low concentrations of nanoscale Fe3O4 particles in epoxy resin. J. Mater. Res.152488 (2000)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. S.J. Lee, J.R. Jeong, S.C. Shin, J.C. Kim, J.D. Kim: Synthesis and characterization of superparamagnetic nanoparticles prepared by coprecipitation technique. J. Magn. Magn. Mater.282147 (2004)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. W. Zhou, K. Tang, S. Zeng, Y. Qi: Room temperature synthesis of rod-like FeC2O4·2H2O and its transition to maghemite, magnetite and hematite nanorods through controlled thermal decomposition. Nanotechnology19065602 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. G.F. Goya, T.S. Berquo, F.C. Fonseca: Static and dynamic magnetic properties of spherical magnetite nanoparticles. J. Appl. Phys.943520 (2003)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Y. Gao, S.A. Chambers: Heteroepitaxial growth of α-Fe2O3, γ-Fe2O3, and Fe3O4 thin films by oxygen-plasma-assisted molecular-beam epitaxy. J. Cryst. Growth174446 (1987)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. J.M.D. Coey: Magnetic properties of iron in soil iron oxides and clay minerals Iron in Soils and Clay Mineralsedited by J.W. Stucky, B.A. Goodman, and U. Schwertmann (D. Reidel Publishing Company, Boston, MA 1988)397–466

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  14. H. Soffel Paleomagnetism and Archaeomagnetism(Springer, Berlin 1991)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  15. M.J. Graham, D.A. Channing, G.A. Swallow, R.D. Jones: A Mössbauer study of the reduction of hematite in hydrogen at 535 °C. J. Mater. Sci.101175 (1975)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. H. Itoh, T. Sugimoto: Synthesis of monodispersed magnetic particles by the sol-gel method and their magnetic properties. Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal.132251 (2001)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. O. Baudisch, W.H. Albrecht: γ-ferric oxide hydrate. J. Am. Chem. Soc.54943 (1932)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. R.M. Cornell, U. Schwertmann The Iron Oxides2nd ed. (Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, Germany 2003)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  19. J-L. Girardet, J.J. Lawrence: A crystallographic study of the inorganic core of the ferritin macromolecule. Bull. Soc. Fr. Mineral. Cristallogr.91440 (1968)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. R.A. Eggleton, R.W. Fitzpatrick: New data and a revised structural model for ferrihydrite. Clays Clay Miner.36111 (1988)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. L. Mazzetti, P.J. Thistlewaite: Raman spectra and thermal transformations of ferrihydrite and schwertmannite. J. Raman Spectrosc.33104 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. V. Barrón, J. Torrent: Evidence for a simple pathway to maghemite in Earth and Mars soils. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta662801 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. V. Barrón, J. Torrent, E. de Grave: Hydromaghemite, an intermediate in the hydrothermal transformation of 2-line ferrihydrite into hematite. Am. Mineral.881679 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Q. Liu, V. Barrón, J. Torrent, S.G. Eeckhout, C. Deng: Magnetism of intermediate hydromagnetite in the transformation of 2-line ferrihydrite into hematite and its paleoenvironmental implications. J. Geophys. Res. B: Solid Earth113, (1) B01103/1 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  25. E. Wolska, W. Szajda, P. Piszora: Effect of the anionic sublattice hydroxylation on the goethite → maghemite transformation in the AlxFe1-xOOH system. Mater. Lett.21191 (1994)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. E. Tronc, J.P. Jolivet: Surface effects on magnetically coupled iron oxide (“γ-Fe2O3”) colloids. Hyperfine Interact.28525 (1986)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. P.S. Sidhu: Transformation of trace element-substituted maghemite to hematite. Clays Clay Miner.3631 (1988)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Howard University, Washington, District of Columbia, 20059, USA

    R. M. Catchings III, A. N. Thorpe, J. R. Grant & R. Douglas

  2. Vitreous State Laboratory, The Catholic University of America, Washington, District of Columbia, 20064, USA

    C. Viragh

  3. Department of Chemistry, The Catholic University of America, Washington, District of Columbia, 20064, USA

    M. A. Adel-Hadadi & A. Barkatt

  4. Department of Chemistry, University of Maryland-College Park, College Park, Maryland, 20742, USA

    K. Gaskell

Authors
  1. R. M. Catchings III
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. A. N. Thorpe
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. J. R. Grant
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. R. Douglas
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. C. Viragh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. M. A. Adel-Hadadi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. K. Gaskell
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. A. Barkatt
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to J. R. Grant.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Catchings, R.M., Thorpe, A.N., Grant, J.R. et al. Formation of maghemite nanoparticles in bismuth telluride materials containing iron. Journal of Materials Research 25, 2042–2046 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1557/JMR.2010.0259

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1557/JMR.2010.0259

Search

Navigation