Abstract
In this study we establish an efficient method for the regeneration for Boechera holboellii via somatic embryogenesis. Immature cotyledons from siliques of 4–6 month-old plants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with plant growth regulators (BA — 6-benzylaminopurine; NAA — α-naphthaleneacetic acid; TDZ — 1-phelyl-3-(1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl) urea: 2,4 D-2,4-dichlorophenoxy-acetic acid). A high frequency of embryogenic callus was produced after two weeks in culture. The somatic embryos were obtained with a frequency of 10% of explants on MS medium supplemented with 1.34 μM NAA + 8.87 μM BA and 2.68 μM NAA + 17.74 μM BA within 3 weeks in culture. The alternative regime of MS medium supplemented with 1.34 μM NAA + 4.44 μM BA produced somatic embryos at a frequency of 38%.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Bicknell, R. A., Koltunow, A. M. (2004) Understanding apomixis: Recent advances and remaining conundrums. Plant Cell. 16, S228–S245.
Böcher, T. (1951) Cytological and embryological studies in the amphi-apomictic Arabis holboellii complex. Biologiske Skrifter. VI, 1–58.
Carman, J. G. (1997) Asynchronous expression of duplicate genes in angiosperms may cause apomixis, bispory, tetraspory, and polyembryony. Biol. J. Linnean Soc. 61, 51–94.
Clough, S. J., Bent, A. F. (1998) Floral dip: a simplified method for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant J. 16, 735–743.
Compton, M. E., Gray, D. J. (1993) Somatic embryogenesis and plant-regeneration from immature cotyledons of watermelon. Plant Cell Rep. 12, 61–65.
Gaj, M. D. (2001) Direct somatic embryogenesis as a rapid and efficient system for in vitro regeneration of Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. 64, 39–46.
Koltunow, A. M. (1993) Apomixis–embryo sacs and embryos formed without meiosis or fertilization in ovules. Plant Cell 5, 1425–1437.
Koltunow, A. M., Bicknell, R. A., Chaudhury, A. M. (1995) Apomixis–molecular strategies for the generation of genetically identical seeds without fertilization. Plant Physiol. 108, 1345–1352.
Koltunow, A. M., Grossniklaus U. (2003) Apomixis: A developmental perspective. Annu. Rev. Plant Biol. 54, 547–574.
Luo, Y. K., Koop, H. U. (1997) Somatic embryogenesis in cultured immature zygotic embryos and leaf protoplasts of Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes. Planta 202, 387–396.
Mohan, M. L., Krishnamurthy, K. V. (2002) Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in pigeonpea. Biol. Plantarum 45, 19–25.
Murashige, T., Skoog, A. (1962) A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tabacco tissues culture. Plant Physiol. 15, 473–497.
Naumova, T. N., Van der Laak, J., Osadtchiy, J., Matzk, F., Kravtchenko, A., Bergervoet, J., Ramulu, K. S., Boutilier, K. (2001) Reproductive development in apomictic populations of Arabis holboellii (Brassicaceae). Sexual Plant Reprod. 14, 195–200.
Ozcan, S. (2002) Effect of different genotypes and auxins on efficient somatic embryogenesis from immature zygotic embryo explants of maize. Biotechnol. Biotech. Eq. 16, 51–57.
Ozias-Akins, P. (2006) Apomixis: Developmental characteristics and genetics. Critical Rev. Plant Sci. 25, 199–214.
Roy, B. A., Rieseberg, L. H. (1989) Evidence for Apomixis in Arabis. J. Hered. 80, 506–508.
Schranz, M. E., Dobes, C., Koch, M. A., Mitchell-Olds, T. (2005) Sexual reproduction, hybridization, apomixis, and polyploidization in the genus Boechera (Brassicaceae). Am. J. Bot. 92, 1797–1810.
Schranz, M. E., Kantama, L., de Jong, H., Mitchell-Olds, T. (2006) Asexual reproduction in a close relative of Arabidopsis: a genetic investigation of apomixis in Boechera (Brassicaceae). New Phytologist 171, 425–438.
Spielman, M., Vinkenoog, R., Scott, R. J. (2003) Genetic mechanisms of apomixis. Phil. Trans. Royal Soc. Lond. B 358, 1095–1103.
Taskin, K. M. et al. (2003) Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Arabis gunnisoniana. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. 72, 173–179.
Taskin, K. M., Turgut, K., Scott, R. J. (2004) Apomictic development in Arabis gunnisoniana. Israel J. Plant Sci. 52, 155–160.
Turgut, K., Barghchi, M., Scott, J. R. (1998) Efficient shoot regeneration and somatic embryogenesis from immature cotyledons of Brassica napus L. Plant Breeding 117, 503–504.
Vikrant, Rashid, A. (2001) Comparative study of somatic embryogenesis from immature and mature embryos and organogenesis from leaf-base of Triticale. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. 64, 33–38.
Wu, Y., Haberland, G., Zhou, C., Koop, H. U. (1992) Somatic embryogenesis, formation of morphogenetic callus and normal development in zygotic embryos of Arabidopsis thaliana in vitro. Protoplasma 169, 89–96.
Acknowledgements
The authors thank The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK), Akdeniz University (Antalya-TURKEY), and The British Council for the financial support.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
About this article
Cite this article
Taskin, K.M., Turgut, K. & Scott, R.J. Somatic Embryogenesis in Apomict Boechera holboellii. BIOLOGIA FUTURA 60, 301–307 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1556/ABiol.60.2009.3.7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1556/ABiol.60.2009.3.7