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Effect of titanium source on structural properties and acidity of Ti-pillared bentonite

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Abstract

Ti-pillared bentonites (Ti-PBs) were synthesised using bentonite from the Hançılı region in Turkey. Ti(IV) chloride, Ti(IV) ethoxide and Ti(IV) propoxide were used as the titanium sources; the syntheses were carried out using different H+/Ti ratios, bentonite suspension percentages and calcination temperatures. Titanium was found in the form of titanium dioxide for all the sources. The Ti(IV) chloride source afforded a sample with a significantly higher specific BET surface area (by 323 m2 g−1), TiO2 content of 50.5 mass % and a more microporous structure with a micropore volume of 0.112 cm3 g−1; the Ti(IV) propoxide source afforded a more mesoporous structure with a higher total pore volume. The micropore region showed the formation of pores of different sizes, while prominent narrow peaks were obtained in the mesopore region. Ti-PBs, which exhibited only the anatase phase of titanium dioxide, yielded high Brønsted and Lewis acidities. When the rutile phase and the anatase phase occurred together, as a result of the lower TiO2 content, the Brønsted and Lewis acidities of the Ti-PBs decreased. The use of Ti(IV) chloride and Ti(IV) propoxide sources at H+/Ti ratios of 4.0 and a bentonite suspension percentage of 2.0 resulted in samples exhibiting strong Brønsted acidity.

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  1. Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Gazi University, 06570, Ankara, Turkey

    Funda Turgut Basoglu

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Basoglu, F.T. Effect of titanium source on structural properties and acidity of Ti-pillared bentonite. Chem. Pap. 70, 933–945 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1515/chempap-2016-0026

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