Skip to main content
Log in

Evaluation of PCR-based methods for isolating flanking regions of genes

  • Research
  • Published:
Molecular Biotechnology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Several polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods are available for isolation of unknown genomic fragments. In the present study, a comparative evaluation of a few methods of ligation-mediated PCR methods and a ligation-independent one were made by isolating promoter fragment for N-methyltransferase gene involved in the caffeine biosynthetic pathway of Coffea canephora. The benefits of tertiary PCR and the effects of a 4-base cutting restriction endonuclease on the size of the PCR products obtained were demonstrated in one of the ligation-mediated PCR methods. The methods adopted in this study differed in the sizes of the 5'-flanking regions obtained. The efficiencies of various methods used reflect the inherent limitations of the PCR-based methods for isolation of unknown flanking regions.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Sambrook, J., Fritsch, E. F., and Maniatis, T. (1989) Molecular Cloning: a laboratory manual. 2nd ed., Cold Spring Harbor Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Saiki, R. K., Gelfand, D. H., Stoffel, S., Scharf, S. J., Higuchi, R., Horn, G. T., Mullis, K. B., and Erlich, H. A. (1988) Primer-directed enzymatic amplification of DNA with a thermostable DNA polymerase. Science 239, 487–491.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Nthangeni, M. B., Ramagoma, F., Tlou, M. G., and Litthauer, D. (2005) Development of a versatile cassette for directional genome walking using cassette ligation-mediated PCR and its application in the cloning of complete lipolytic genes from Bacillus species. J. Microbiol. Methods 61, 225–234.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Ochman H., Gerber, A. S., and Hartl, D. L. (1988) Genetic applications of an inverse polymerase chain reaction. Genetics 120, 621–623.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Rosenthal, A. and Jones, D. S. (1990) Genomic walking and sequencing by oligo-cassette mediated polymerase chain reaction. Nucleic Acids Res. 18, 3095–3096.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Kilstrup, M. and Kristiansen, K. N. (2000) Rapid genome walking: a simplified oligo-cassette mediated polymerase chain reaction using a single genome-specific primer. Nucleic Acids Res. 28, e55.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Lagerstrom, M., Parik, J., Malmgren H., Stewart, J., Pettersson, U., and Landegren U. (1991) Capture PCR: efficient amplification of DNA fragments adjacent to a known sequence in human and YAC DNA. PCR Methods Appl. 1, 111–119.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Siebert, P. D., Chenchik, A., Kellogg, D. E., Lukyanov, K. A., and Lukyanov, S. A. (1995) An improved method for walking in uncloned genomic DNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 23, 1087–1088.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Padegimas, L. S., and Reichert, N. A. (1998) Adapter ligation-based polymerase chain reaction-mediated walking. Anal. Biochem. 260, 149–153.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Cormack, R. S. and Somssich, I. E. (1997) Rapid amplification of genomic ends (RAGE) as a simple method to clone flanking genomic DNA. Gene 194, 273–276.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Liu, X. and Baird, W. V. (2001) Rapid Amplification of Genomic DNA Ends by NlaIII partial digestion and polynucleotide tailing. Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. 19, 261–267.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Liu Y. G. and Whittier, R. F. (1995) Thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR: Automatable amplification and sequencing of insert and fragments from P1 and YAC clones for chromosome walking. Genomics 25, 674–681.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Chen, X. and Ray, W. (1997) Direct amplification of unknown genes and fragments by Uneven polymerase chain reaction. Gene 185, 195–199.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Satyanarayana, K. V., Vinod, K., Chandrashekar, A., and Ravishankar, G.A. (2005) Isolation of promoter for N-methyltransferase gene associated with caffeine biosynthesis in Coffea canephora. J. Biotech. 119, 20–25.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Lukyanov, S. A., Gurskaya, N. G., Lukyanov, K. A., Tarabykin, V. S., and Sverdlov, E. D. (1994) Highly efficient subtractive hybridization of cDNA. Bioorg. Chem. 20, 701–704.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. Chandrashekar.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Satyanarayana, K.V., Chandrashekar, A. & Ravishankar, G.A. Evaluation of PCR-based methods for isolating flanking regions of genes. Mol Biotechnol 32, 111–116 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1385/MB:32:2:111

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/MB:32:2:111

Index Entries

Navigation