Abstract
This article deals with a direct electrochemical method of detecting antigens using new methods of functionalization of gold electrodes. Based on the reacting ability of gold with sulfhydryl groups, three protocols for the fixation of antibodies have been explored. They are based on either the self-assembling properties of functional thiols bearing long alkyl chains or the possibility of a direct coupling of antibody moieties. Coverage rates as high as 97% can be reached. The analysis of the electrochemical impedance behavior of such layers can lead to a sensitive method for the direct detection of the antibody/antigen interaction. The addition of a redox couple in the tested solution, acting as an amplifier, allowed detection limits for the antigens as low as a few picograms/milliliter to be reached.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Eggins, B. (1996), Biosensors, An Introduction, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, UK.
Maupas, H., Saby, C., Martelet, C., Jaffrezic-Renault, N., Soldatkin, A. P., Charles, M. H., Delair, T., and Mandrand, B. (1996), J. Electroanal. Chem. 406, 53–58.
Liu, M., Rechnitz, G. A., Li, K., and Li, Q. X. (1998), Analyt. Lett. 31, 2025–2038.
Berggren, C., Bjarnason, B., and Johansson, G. (1998), Biosens. Bioelectron. 13, 1061–1068.
Sergeyeva, T. A., Lavrik, N. V., Rachkov, A. E., Kazantseva, Z. I., and Elskaya, A. V. (1998), Biosens. Bioelectron. 13, 359–369.
Maupas, H., Soldatkin, A. P., Martelet, C., Jaffrezic-Renault, N., and Mandrand, B. (1997), J. Electroanal. Chem. 421, 165–171.
Ameur, S., Maupas, H., Martelet, C., Jaffrezic-Renault, N., Ben Ouada, H., Cosnier, S., and Labbé, P. (1997), Mater. Sci. Eng. C 5, 111–119.
Vikholm, I. and Albers, W. M. (1998), Langmuir 14, 3865–3872.
Darbon, P., Michel, V., Math, F., Giorgi, H., and Machizaud, F. (1998), Analyt. Chem. 70, 5072–5078.
Motesharei, K. and Myles, D. C. (1998), J. Am. Chem. Soc. 120(29), 7328–7336.
Billard, V., Martelet, C., Binder, P., and Therasse, J. (1991), Analytica Chimica Acta 249, 367–372.
Johnson, B., Löfas, S., and Lindquist, G. (1991), Analyt. Biochem. 198, 268–277.
Hermanson, G. T., Mallia, A. K., and Smith, P. K. (1992), Immobilization Affinity Ligand Techniques, Academic, New York.
Blank, M. and Voddyanoy, I. (1994), Biomembr. Electrochem. 235, 491–510.
Sabatini, E., Cohen-Boulakia, J., Bruening, M., and Rubinstein, I. (1993), Langmuir 9, 2974–2981.
Ameur, S., Martelet, C., Chovelon, J. M., Ben Ouada, H., Jaffrezic-Renault, N., and Barbier, D. (1998), in Eurosensors XII, Proceedings of the 12th European Conference on Solid State Transducers and the 9th UK Conference on Sensors and Their Applications, Southampton, UK, 13–16 September 1998, vol. 2, White, N. M., ed., IOP Publishing, Philadelphia, pp. 797–800.
Tiefenauer, L. X., Kossek, S., Padeste, C., and Thiebaud, P. (1997), Biosens. Bioelectron. 12, 213–223.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ameur, S., Martelet, C., Jaffrezic-Renault, N. et al. Sensitive immunodetection through impedance measurements onto gold functionalized electrodes. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 89, 161–170 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1385/ABAB:89:2-3:161
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/ABAB:89:2-3:161