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Increased CD13 Expression Reduces Reactive Oxygen Species, Promoting Survival of Liver Cancer Stem Cells via an Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition-like Phenomenon

  • Translational Research and Biomarkers
  • Published:
Annals of Surgical Oncology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Background

Recently, it has been reported that a small population of cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a role in resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. We reported that CD13+ liver CSCs survive in hypoxic lesions after chemotherapy, presumably through increased expression of CD13/Aminopeptidase N, which is a scavenger enzyme in the reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolic pathway. On the other hand, the concept of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) was indicated by a recent study showing an increased plasticity linked to the cellular “stemness” of CSCs.

Methods

To study the relationship between CSCs and EMT, we examined biological characteristics of liver cancer cell lines with EMT by exposing transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β).

Results

We showed that a TGF-β-induced EMT-like phenomenon is associated with increased CD13 expression in liver cancer cells. This phenomenon prevents further increases in the ROS level as well as the induction of apoptosis, promoting the survival of CD13+ CSCs, whereas inhibition of CD13 stimulates apoptosis. Immunohistochemical analysis also indicated that after chemotherapy, CD13 was coexpressed with N-cadherin in surviving cancer cells within fibrous capsules. We have demonstrated that CD13 expression plays a role in supporting the survival of CSCs and that there is an EMT-associated reduction in ROS elevation.

Conclusions

This novel and consistent linkage between functional CSC markers and the EMT phenomenon suggests a bona fide candidate for targeted therapy for EMT-mediated invasion and metastasis of liver cancer.

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Acknowledgment

This study was supported in part by a grant from Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), a Grant-in-Aid for scientific research on Priority Areas (20012039), Grants-in-Aid for scientific research S (21229015) and C (20590313) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology, and a grant from the Tokyo Biochemical Research Foundation, Japan.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan

    Ho Min Kim, Naotsugu Haraguchi, Hideshi Ishii, Masahisa Ohkuma, Miho Okano, Hidetoshi Eguchi, Hirofumi Yamamoto, Hiroaki Nagano, Mitsugu Sekimoto, Yuichiro Doki & Masaki Mori

  2. Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Division of Molecular and Surgical Oncology, Kyushu University, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Beppu, Ohita, Japan

    Hideshi Ishii & Koshi Mimori

  3. Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Jikei Collage Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

    Masahisa Ohkuma

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  1. Ho Min Kim
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  2. Naotsugu Haraguchi
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Correspondence to Hideshi Ishii or Masaki Mori.

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Kim, H.M., Haraguchi, N., Ishii, H. et al. Increased CD13 Expression Reduces Reactive Oxygen Species, Promoting Survival of Liver Cancer Stem Cells via an Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition-like Phenomenon. Ann Surg Oncol 19 (Suppl 3), 539–548 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-011-2040-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-011-2040-5

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