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Bioactive compounds and inflammation: an overview

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Abstract

Purpose

Chronic low-grade inflammation is associated with chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCDs). Bioactive compounds (BC) may influence the reduction of low-grade inflammation. This narrative review highlights the relationship between CNCDs, inflammation, and ingestion of catechins, curcumin, quercetin, and resveratrol.

Methods

A PubMed research was conducted in the last 10 years. The search was for human studies, and we selected “case reports”; “clinical study”; “clinical trial”; “clinical trial, phase I”; “clinical trial, phase II”; “clinical trial, phase III”; “clinical trial, phase IV”; “comparative study”; “controlled clinical trial”; “multicenter study”; “observational study”; and “randomized clinical trial”. The research was carried out individually for each BC of the diet, and we selected studies related to CNCDs and risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases. The keywords used were “catechin,” “curcumin,” “quercetin,” and “resveratrol”, in addition to “inflammation.”

Results

There are no recommendations for BC intake. The studies in this review analyzed different doses, forms of presentation, clinical conditions, and periods of supplementation. Most articles on catechin, curcumin, and quercetin had a clear beneficial relationship between inflammation, CNCDs, and risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases. On the other hand, studies on resveratrol are inconclusive.

Conclusion

Some studies have shown beneficial effects of BC; however, the studies are not conclusive. In different situations, BC have no significant effects, and, at other times, they may even have a detrimental effect. Further studies are needed to establish which dose produces beneficial health effects and which clinical conditions can benefit from the intake of dietary sources from these BC.

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Data availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Abbreviations

AH:

Arterial hypertension

ALT:

Alanine aminotransferase

AST:

Aspartate aminotransferase

BC:

Bioactive compounds

BMI:

Body mass index

CAMs:

Cell adhesion molecules

CNCDs:

Chronic non-communicable diseases

COX- 2:

Cyclooxygenase-2

CRP:

C-reactive protein

CVD:

Cardiovascular disease

EC:

Epicatechin

ECG:

Epicatechin gallate

EGCG:

Epigallocatequin gallate

HbA1c:

Glycated hemoglobin

HDL-c:

High-density lipoprotein cholesterol

HOMA:

Homeostasis evaluation model

IL:

Interleukin

LDL-c:

Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol

MS:

Metabolic syndrome

NAFLD:

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

NF-kB:

Nuclear factor-kappa B

RSV:

Resveratrol

T2D:

Type 2 diabetes

TG:

Triglycerides

TNF-α:

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo 715, Sao Paulo, 01246-904, Brazil

    Giovanna Cavanha Corsi & Marcelo Macedo Rogero

  2. Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

    Luciana Tedesco Yoshime & Telma Angelina Faraldo Corrêa

  3. Food Research Center (FoRC), CEPID-FAPESP, Research Innovation and Dissemination Centers, Sao Paulo Research Foundation, Sao Paulo, Brazil

    Telma Angelina Faraldo Corrêa & Marcelo Macedo Rogero

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  1. Giovanna Cavanha Corsi
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Contributions

G.C.C. and M.M.R. were responsible for the study concept. The search of the studies and the initial manuscript preparation were performed by G.C.C. G.C.C. and L.T.Y were responsible for the study analyses and design and wrote the manuscript. The manuscript was revised by L.T.Y., T.A.F.C., and M.M.R. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Marcelo Macedo Rogero.

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Corsi, G.C., Yoshime, L.T., Corrêa, T.A.F. et al. Bioactive compounds and inflammation: an overview. Nutrire 45, 14 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41110-020-00118-0

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