Applying the quality improvement collaborative method to process redesign: a multiple case study

Table 2 Application of the model for improvement in the enrolled process redesign projects

	Key elements of the model for improvement	Specific and measurable aims (N)¹	Measures of improvement¹				Key changes^1,2,3			PDSA^1,3	Effect measurement (collaborative goals reached?)?⁴
			Provided by external change agent		Established by the project team		Evidence for improvement (one-stop-shop) implemented in redesign?		Supplied change concepts used?
No.	Patient Group		Outcome	Inter-mediate	Outcome	Process and/or intermediate	Yes/No	Comments
1.	Acute stomach complaints	+ (1)	+	n.a.	+	+	-	n.a.	+	-	- (?)
2.	Breast cancer	- (0)	+	+	-	-	-	Already implemented	+	-	- (?)
3.	Breast cancer	+ (1)	-	-	-	-	-	Already implemented	+	.	- (?)
4.	Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease	+ (1)	+	-	-	+	-	One-stop-shop is no solution for the existing bottleneck	+	+	- (?)
5.	Colon cancer	+ (4)	+	+	+	-	+	-	+	-	- (?)
6.	Colon cancer	+ (1)	+	+	-	-	+	-	+	-	- (?)
7.	Colon cancer	- (0)	+	+	+	-	+	-	+	+/-*	- (?)
8.	Head- and neck cancer	+ (7)	+	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	- (?)
9.	Hematuria	+ (2)	+	+	-	-	+	-	+	.	- (?)
10.	Lung cancer	+ (2)	+	-	+	-	+/-	Three-stop-shop	+	+	- (?)
11.	Oesophageal atresia (children)	- (0)	+	n.a.	-	-	-	n.a.	+	-	- (?)
12.	Open Chest Surgery	+ (6)	+	n.a.	+	+	-	n.a.	+	-	- (?)
13.	Small Orthopaedic interventions	+ (2)	+	+	+	+	+	-	+	+	- (?)
14.	Small Orthopaedic interventions	+ (3)	+	+	-	+	+	-	+	+	- (?)
15.	Benign Prostate Hypertrophy	+ (2)	+	+	-	-	+	-	+	-	+ (+)
16.	Colon cancer	+ (5)	+	+	+	-	+/-	Three-stop-shop	+	-	+ (+)
17.	Varicose veins	+ (5)	+	+	-	-	+	-	+	-	+ (+)

¹ Data source: survey among project staff members. ² Data source: survey among project leaders. ³ Data source: interviews among project staff members. ⁴ Data source: Sneller Beter database. + Yes, - No, . missing data, n.a. non applicable, because project only involves in-hospital care. * This project team used PDSA for testing and implementing a selection of the changes.