Advertisement

Frequency and 2D Angle Estimation Based on a Sparse Uniform Array of Electromagnetic Vector Sensors

  • Fei JiEmail author
  • Sam Kwong
Open Access
Research Article
First Online:

Abstract

We present an ESPRIT-based algorithm that yields extended-aperture two-dimensional (2D) arrival angle and carrier frequency estimates with a sparse uniform array of electromagnetic vector sensors. The ESPRIT-based frequency estimates are first achieved by using the temporal invariance structure out of the two time-delayed sets of data collected from vector sensor array. Each incident source's coarse direction of arrival (DOA) estimation is then obtained through the Poynting vector estimates (using a vector cross-product estimator). The frequency and coarse angle estimate results are used jointly to disambiguate the cyclic phase ambiguities in ESPRIT's eigenvalues when the intervector sensor spacing exceeds a half wavelength. Monte Carlo simulation results verified the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Keywords

Frequency Estimate Poynting Vector Angle Estimate Phase Ambiguity Cyclic Phase 
Download to read the full article text

References

  1. 1.
    Nehorai A, Paldi E: Vector sensor processing for electromagnetic source localization. Proceedings of the 25th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers, November 1991, Pacific Grove, Calif, USA 1: 566–572.Google Scholar
  2. 2.
    Nehorai A, Paldi E: Vector-sensor array processing for electromagnetic source localization. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 1994, 42(2):376–398. 10.1109/78.275610CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  3. 3.
    Li J: Direction and polarization estimation using arrays with small loops and short dipoles. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 1993, 41(3):379–386. 10.1109/8.233120CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  4. 4.
    Hochwald B, Nehorai A: Identifiability in array processing models with vector-sensor applications. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 1996, 44(1):83–95. 10.1109/78.482014CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  5. 5.
    Ho K-C, Tan K-C, Ser W: Investigation on number of signals whose directions-of-arrival are uniquely determinable with an electromagnetic vector sensor. Signal Processing 1995, 47(1):41–54. 10.1016/0165-1684(95)00098-4CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  6. 6.
    Tan K-C, Ho K-C, Nehorai A: Uniqueness study of measurements obtainable with arrays of electromagnetic vector sensors. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 1996, 44(4):1036–1039. 10.1109/78.492566CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  7. 7.
    Hochwald B, Nehorai A: Polarimetric modeling and parameter estimation with applications to remote sensing. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 1995, 43(8):1923–1935. 10.1109/78.403351CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  8. 8.
    Ho K-C, Tan K-C, Tan BTG: Efficient method for estimating directions-of-arrival of partially polarized signals with electromagnetic vector sensors. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 1997, 45(10):2485–2498. 10.1109/78.640714CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  9. 9.
    Ho K-C, Tan K-C, Nehorai A: Estimating directions of arrival of completely and incompletely polarized signals with electromagnetic vector sensors. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 1999, 47(10):2845–2852. 10.1109/78.790664CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  10. 10.
    Wong KT: Direction finding/polarization estimation—dipole and/or loop triads. IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems 2001, 37(2):679–684. 10.1109/7.937478CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  11. 11.
    Wong KT, Zoltowski MD: Uni-vector-sensor ESPRIT for multisource azimuth, elevation, and polarization estimation. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 1997, 45(10):1467–1474. 10.1109/8.633852CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  12. 12.
    Nehorai A, Tichavsky P: Cross-product algorithms for source tracking using an EM vector sensor. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 1999, 47(10):2863–2867. 10.1109/78.790667CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  13. 13.
    Ko CC, Zhang J, Nehorai A: Separation and tracking of multiple broadband sources with one electromagnetic vector sensor. IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems 2002, 38(3):1109–1116. 10.1109/TAES.2002.1039429CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  14. 14.
    Wong KT: Blind beamforming geolocation for wideband-FFHs with unknown hop-sequences. IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems 2001, 37(1):65–76. 10.1109/7.913668CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  15. 15.
    Rahamim D, Tabrikian J, Shavit R: Source localization using vector sensor array in a multipath environment. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 2004, 52(11):3096–3103. 10.1109/TSP.2004.836456CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  16. 16.
    Wong KT, Zoltowski MD: Self-Initiating MUSIC-based direction finding and polarization estimation in spatio-polarizational beamspace. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 2000, 48: 1235–1245. 10.1109/8.884492CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  17. 17.
    Wong KT, Zoltowski MD: Closed-form direction finding and polarization estimation with arbitrarily spaced electromagnetic vector-sensors at unknown locations. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 2000, 48(5):671–681. 10.1109/8.855485CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  18. 18.
    Zoltowski MD, Wong KT: ESPRIT-based 2-D direction finding with a sparse uniform array of electromagnetic vector sensors. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 2000, 48(8):2195–2204. 10.1109/78.852000CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  19. 19.
    Zoltowski MD, Wong KT: Closed-form eigenstructure-based direction finding using arbitrary but identical subarrays on a sparse uniform Cartesian array grid. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 2000, 48(8):2205–2210. 10.1109/78.852001CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  20. 20.
    Lemma AN, Van Der Veen AJ, Deprettere EF: Analysis of joint angle-frequency estimation using ESPRIT. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 2003, 51(5):1264–1283. 10.1109/TSP.2003.810306MathSciNetCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  21. 21.
    Lemma AN, Van Der Veen AJ, Deprettere EF: Joint angle-frequency estimation using multi-resolution ESPRIT. Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP '98), May 1998, Seattle, Wash, USA 4: 1957–1960.Google Scholar
  22. 22.
    Zoltowski MD, Mathews CP: Real-time frequency and 2-D angle estimation with sub-Nyquist spatio-temporal sampling. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 1994, 42(10):2781–2794. 10.1109/78.324743CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  23. 23.
    Roy R, Kailath T: ESPRIT - estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques. IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing 1989, 37(7):984–995. 10.1109/29.32276CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  24. 24.
    Wong KT, Zoltowski MD: High accuracy 2D angle estimation with extended aperture vector sensor arrays. Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP '96), May 1996, Atlanta, Ga, USA 5: 2789–2792.Google Scholar

Copyright information

© Ji and Kwong 2006

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.School of Electronic and Information EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina
  2. 2.Department of Computer ScienceCity University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong

Personalised recommendations