Abstract
Using published atomic data, the populations of the excited states 1s22s22p63s23p63d94l (l= s, p, d, and f) – 1s22s22p63s23p63d10of Ni-like W have been calculated for electron densities in the range 1020–1023 cm-3and electron temperatures in the range 0.5–1 keV. For those transitions with positive population inversion factor, the gain coefficients are determined and plotted against the electron density.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
M.H. Key, C.G. Smith, X-ray Lasers (AIP, New York, 1994), AIP Conf. Proc. 332, 423 (1994)
A. Carillon, H.Z. Chen, P. Dhez, L. Dwivedi, J. Jacoby, P. Jaegle, G. Jamelot, J. Zhang, M.H. Key, A. Kidd, J.P. Raucourt, G.J. Tallents, J. Uhomoibhi, Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 2917 (1992)
J.A. Koch, B.J. MacGowan, L.B. Da Silva, D.L. Matthews, J.H. Underwood, P.J. Batson, S. Mrowka, Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 3291 (1992)
L.B. Da Silva, B.J. MacGowan, S. Mrowka, J.A. Koch, R.A. London, D.L. Matthews, J.H. Underwood, Opt. Lett. 18, 1174 (1993)
P. Jaegle et al., X-ray Lasers, edited by D.C. Eder, D.L. Matthews (American Institute of Physics, New York, 1994), AIP Conf. Proc. 332, 25 (1994)
J.J. Rocca, D.P. Clark, J.L.A. Chilla, V.N. Shlyaptsev, Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 1476 (1996)
J. Zhang, P.J. Warwick, E. Wolfrum, M.H. Key, C. Danson, A. Demir, S.B. Healy, D.H. Kalantar, N.S. Kim, C.L.S. Lewis, J. Lin, A.G. MacPhee, D. Neely, J. Nilsen, G.J. Pert, R. Smith, G.J. Tallents, J.S. Wark, Phys. Rev. A 54 (1996)
M.P. Kalachnikov, P.V. Nickles, M. Schnürer, W. Sandner, V.N. Shlyaptsev, D. Neely, E. Wolfrum, J. Zhang, A. Behjat, A. Demir, G.J. Tallents, P.J. Warwick, C.L.S. Lewis, Phys. Rev. A 57, 4778 (1998)
R.C. Elton, X-ray Lasers (Academic Press, New York, 1990)
B.J. MacGowan, L.B. Da Silva, D.J. Field, C.J. Keane, J.A. Koch, R.A. London, D.L. Matthews, S. Maxon, S. Mrowka, A.L. Osterheld, J.H. Scofield, G. Shimkaveg, J.E. Trebes, R.S. Walling, Phys. Fluids B 4, 2326 (1992)
C.L.S. Lewis et al., X-ray Lasers, edited by E.E. Fill (IOP Publishing, 1992), p. 23
H. Daido, Y. Kato, S. Ninomiya, R. Kodama, G. Yuan, Y. Oshikane, M. Takagi, H. Takabe, Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 1074 (1995)
J. Nilsen, J.C. Moreno, Opt. Lett. 20, 1387 (1995)
Y. Li, G. Pretzler, P.X. Lu, E.E. Fill, Phys. Rev. A 53, R652 (1996)
J. Nilsen, J.C. Moreno, Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 337 (1995)
A.G. MacPhee, C.L.S. Lewis, P.J. Warwick, I. Weaver, A. Demir, M. Holden, J. Krishnan, G.J. Tallents, P. Goedkindt, P. Jaegle, G. Jamelot, A. Klisnick, M. Nantel, B. Rus, P. Zeitoun, Opt. Commun. 133, 525 (1997)
S.B. Healy, G.F. Cairns, C.L.S. Lewis, G.J. Pert, J.A. Plowes, IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 1, 949 (1995)
A. Behjat, J. Lin, G.J. Tallents, A. Demir, M. Kurkcuoglu, C.L.S. Lewis, A.G. MacPhee, S.P. McCabe, P.J. Warwick, D. Neely, E. Wolfrum, S.B. Healy, G.J. Pert, Opt. Commun. 135, 49 (1997)
J. Zhang, A.G. MacPhee, J. Nilsen, J. Lin, T.W. Barbee Jr., C. Danson, M.H. Key, C.L.S. Lewis, D. Neely, R.M.N. O’Rourke, G.J. Pert, R. Smith, G.J. Tallents, J.S. Wark, E. Wolfrum, Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 3856 (1997)
J. Zhang, A.G. MacPhee, J. Lin, E. Wolfrum, R. Smith, C. Danson, M.H. Key, C.L.S. Lewis, D. Neely, J. Nilsen, G.J. Pert, G.J. Tallents, J.S. Wark, Science 276, 1097(1997)
P.J. Warwick, C.L.S. Lewis, A.G. MacPhee, S.P. McCabe, A. Behjat, M. Kurkcuoglu, G.J. Tallents, D. Neely, E. Wolfrum, G.J. Pert, S.B. Healy, Opt. Commun. 144, 192 (1997)
U. Feldman, A.K. Bhatia, S. Suckewer, J. Appl. Phys. 45, 2188 (1983)
U. Feldman, J.F. Seely, G.A. Doschek, J. Appl. Phys. 59, 3953 (1986)
U. Feldman, G.A. Doschek, J.F. Seely, A.K. Bhatia, J. Appl. Phys. 58, 2909 (1985)
U. Feldman, J.F. Seely, A.K. Bhatia, J. Appl. Phys. 56, 2475 (1984)
G. Chapline, L. Wood, Phys. Today 28, 40 (1975)
A.V. Vinogradov, V.N. Shlyaptsev, Sov. J. Quantum Electron. 10, 754 (1980)
J.Y. Zhong, special communication (Laboratory of Optical Physics, Chinese Academy of Siences, Beijing)
W.H. Goldstein, J. Oreg, A. Zigler, A. Bar-Shalom, M. Klapisch, Phys. Rev. A 38, 1797 (1988)
I.I. Sobel’man, Introducrion to the Theory of Atomic Spectra, International Series of Monographs in Natural Philosophy (Pergamon Press, 1979), Vol. 40
J. Zeng, J. Zhong, G. Zhao, J. Yuan, At. Data Nucl. Data Tables 90, 259 (2005)
U. Feldman, J.F. Seely, A.K. Bhatia, J. Appl. Phys. 58, 3954 (1985)
H. Daido, H. Tang, Y. Kato, K. Murai, C. R. Acad. Sci. 1, 999 (2000)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
El Din S. Abdelaziz, W. Soft X-ray laser emission from W46+ . Eur. Phys. J. D 55, 17–21 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2009-00209-3
Received:
Revised:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2009-00209-3