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Friction forces in cosmological models

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Abstract

We investigate the dynamics of test particles undergoing friction forces in a Friedmann–Robertson–Walker (FRW) spacetime. The interaction with the background fluid is modeled by introducing a Poynting–Robertson-like friction force in the equations of motion, leading to measurable (at least in principle) deviations of the particle trajectories from geodesic motion. The effect on the peculiar velocities of the particles is investigated for various equations of state of the background fluid and different standard cosmological models. The friction force is found to have major effects on particle motion in closed FRW universes, where it turns the time-asymptotic value (approaching the recollapse) of the peculiar particle velocity from ultra-relativistic (close to light speed) to a co-moving one, i.e., zero peculiar speed. On the other hand, for open or flat universes the effect of the friction is not so significant, because the time-asymptotic peculiar particle speed is largely non-relativistic also in the geodesic case.

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Notes

  1. Here Greek indices run from 0 to 3 whereas Latin ones from 1 to 3. We also use geometrized units with c=G=ħ=1. The signature of the metric is [−,+,+,+].

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Acknowledgements

DG is supported by the Erasmus Mundus Joint Doctorate Program by Grant Number 2011-1640 from the EACEA of the European Commission.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Istituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo “M. Picone,” CNR, 00185, Rome, Italy

    Donato Bini & Sauro Succi

  2. ICRA, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, 00185, Rome, Italy

    Donato Bini & Andrea Geralico

  3. INFN, Sezione di Firenze, 00185, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy

    Donato Bini & Sauro Succi

  4. Astronomical Observatory of Torino, INAF, 10025, Pino Torinese (TO), Italy

    Donato Bini

  5. Physics Department, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, 00185, Rome, Italy

    Andrea Geralico

  6. Physics Department, University of Stockholm, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden

    Daniele Gregoris

  7. Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik (Albert-Einstein-Institut), Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany

    Daniele Gregoris

Authors
  1. Donato Bini
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  2. Andrea Geralico
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  3. Daniele Gregoris
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  4. Sauro Succi
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Correspondence to Donato Bini.

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Bini, D., Geralico, A., Gregoris, D. et al. Friction forces in cosmological models. Eur. Phys. J. C 73, 2334 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-013-2334-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-013-2334-9

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