Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Photochromic spirocompounds and chromenes for sensing metal ions

  • Published:
Review Journal of Chemistry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The results of studying the photoinduced and dark formation of complexes between molecules of the merocyanine form of photochromic spirocompounds (spiropyrans, spiroxazines) and chromenes that bear no crown ether moieties and various metal cations are reviewed. Certain dependences of the efficiency and selectivity of ion complexation on the structure of photochromic compounds are revealed using absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. Functionalized photochromic spiropyrans were used to prepare samples of efficient optical chemosensors to determine metal ions in liquid media.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Diamond, D., Coyle, S., Scarmagnani, S., and Hayes, J., Chem. Rev., 2008, vol. 108, no. 2, p. 652.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Bertelson, R.C., Photochromism, Brown, G.H., Ed., New York: Wiley-Interscience, 1971, p. 45.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Barachevsky, V.A., Lashkov, G.I., and Tsekhomskii, V.A., Fotokhromizm i ego primenenie (Photochromism and Its Applications), Moscow: Khimiya, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Photochromism: Molecules and Systems, Durr, H. and Bouas-Laurent, H., Eds., (Amsterdam: Elsevier, p. 2003.

  5. Organic Potochromic and Thermochromic Compounds, Crano, J.C. and Guglielmetti, R.J., Eds., New York: Plenum, p. 1999.

  6. Fedorova, O.A. and Gromov, S.P., Targets in Heterocyclic Systems: Chemistry and Properties, 2000, vol. 4, p. 205.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Kimura, K., Sakamoto, H., and Nakamura, M., Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 2003, vol. 76, no. 2, p. 225.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Alfimov, M.V., Fedorova, O.A., and Gromov, S.P., J. Photochem. Photobiol., A, 2003, vol. 158, nos. 2–3, p. 183.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Tsukanov, A.V., Dubonosov, A.D., Bren’, V.A., and Minkin, V.I., Chem. Heterocycl. Comp., 2008, vol. 44, no. 8, p. 899.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Ushakov, E.N., Alfimov, M.V., and Gromov, S.P., Russ. Chem. Rev., 2008, vol. 77, no. 1, p. 39.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Paramonov, S.V., Lokshin, V., and Fedorova, O.A., J. Photochem. Phobiol., C., vol. 12, no. 3, p. 209.

  12. Chibisov, A.K. and Gorner, H., Chem. Phys., 1998, vol. 237, no. 2, p. 425.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Phillips, J.P., Mueller, A., and Przystal, F., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1965, vol. 87, no. 17, p. 4020.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Zakharova, M.M., Pimienta, V., Metelitsa, A.V., Minkin, V.I., and Misho, Zh.-K, Ross. Khim. Zh., 2007, vol. 51, no. 6, p. 71.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Przystal, F. and Phillips, J.P., Heterocycl. Chem, 1967, vol. 4, no. 1, p. 131.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Winkler, J.D., Bowen, C.M., and Michelet, V., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1998, vol. 120, no. 13, p. 3237.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Collins, G.E., Choi, L.-S., Ewing, K.J., Bowen, C.M., and Winkler, J.D., Chem. Commun., 1999, no. 4, p. 321.

  18. Voloshin, N.A., Chernyshev, A.V., Metelitsa, A.V., Besugliy, S.O., Voloshina, E.N., Sadimenko, L.P., and Minkin, V.I., ARKIVOC, 2004, no. 11, p. 16.

  19. Chernyshev, A.V., Metelitsa, A.V., Gaeva, E.B., Voloshin, N.A., Borodkin, G.S., and Minkin, V.I., J. Phys. Org. Chem., 2007, vol. 29, no. 11, p. 908.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Krikun, V.M., Sadimenko, L.P., Voloshina, E.N., and Voloshin, N.A., Rus. J. Gen. Chem., 2009, vol. 79, no. 6, p. 1191.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Guo, X., Zhou, Y., Zhang, D., Yin, B., Liu, C., Lu, Z., Huang, Y., and Zhu, D., Org. Chem., 2004, vol. 69, no. 25, p. 8924.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Guo, X., Zhang, D., Wang, T., and Zhu, D., Chem. Commun., 2003, no. 7, p. 914.

  23. Kubinyi, M., Varga, O., Baranyai, P., Kallay, M., Mizsei, R., Tarkanyi, G., and Vidoczy, T., J. Mater. Struct., 2011, vol. 100, no. 1, p. 77.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Ohno, S., J. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 1977, no. 5, p. 633.

  25. Atabekyan, L.S. and Chibisov, A.K., J. Photochem., 1986, vol. 34, no. 3, p. 323.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Atabekyan, L.S. and Chibisov, A.K., Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst., 1994, vol. 246, no. 1, p. 263.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Atabekyan, L.S., Astaf’ev, P.N., Roitman, G.P., Romanovskaya, G.I., and Chibisov, A.K., Zh. Fiz. Khim., 1982, vol. 56, no. 6, p. 1913.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Atabekyan, L.S. and Chibisov, A.K., Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Khim., 1988, no. 8, p. 2243.

  29. Kalinichenko, N.B., Mirov, I.N., and Atabekyan, L.S., Zh. Neorg. Khim., 1994, vol. 39, no. 6, p. 995.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Atabekyan, L.S. and Chibiov, A.K., Itogi Nauki Tekhn., Ser.: Sovrem. Problemy Lazern. Fiz. 1990, vol. 1, p. 162.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Atabekyan, L.S., High Energy Chem., 2002, vol. 36, no. 6, p. 391.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Atabekyan, L.S. and Chibisov, A.K., High Energy Chem., 1998, vol. 32, no. 1, p. 30.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Oda, H., Dyes Pigments, 1998, vol. 38, no. 4, p. 243.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Atabekyan, L.S. and Chibiov, A.K., Khim. Vysok. Energ., 1996, vol. 30, no. 4.

  35. Atabekyan, L.S. and Chibisov, A.K., Zh. Anal. Khim., 1988, vol. 38, no. 6, p. 1787.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Atabekyan, L.S., Lilikin, A.I., Zakharova, G.V., and Chibisov, A.K., Khim. Vysok. Energ., 1996, vol. 30, no. 6, p. 452.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Atabekyan, L.S., Roitman, G.P., and Chibisov, A.K., Zh. Anal. Khim., 1982, vol. 43, no. 2, p. 389.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Atabekyan, L.S., Lilikin, A.I., Zakharova, G.V., and Chibisov, A.K., High Energy Chem., 1996, vol. 30, p. 409.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Gorner, H. and Chibisov, A.K., J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans., 1998, vol. 94, no. 17, p. 2557.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Zhou, J.-W., Li, Y.-T., and Song, X.-Q., J.Photochem. Photobiol., A, 1995, vol. 87, no. 1, p. 37.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Strokach, Yu.P., Valova, T.M., Barachevsky, V.A., Arsenov, V.D., and Alfimov, M.V., Sci. Appl. Photo, 2000, vol. 41, no. 6, p. 491.

    Google Scholar 

  42. Nikolaeva, O.G., Tsukanov, A.V., Shepelenko, E.N., Lukyanov, B.S., Metelitsa, A.V., Kostyrina, O.Yu., Dubonosov, A.D., Bren, V.A., and Minkin, V.I., Int. J. Photoenergy, 2009, p. 1.

  43. Le Baccon, M. and Guglielmetti, R., J. Chem. Res. (M), 1979, no. 5, p. 1801.

  44. Robillard, J., Luna-Moreno, D., and Olmos, M., Opt. Mater., 2003, vol. 24, no. 3, p. 491.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Barachevsky, V.A., Strokach, Yu.P., Puankov, Yu.A., Kobeleva, O.I., Valova, T.M., Levchenko, K.S., Yarovenko, V.N., and Krayushkin, M.M., ARKIVOC, 2009, no. 9, p. 70.

  46. Barachevsky, V.A., Kobeleva, O.I., Valova, T.M., Popov, L.D., Shcherbakov, I.N., Bulanov, A.O., and Kogan, V.A., Russ. J. Gen. Chem., 2009, vol. 79, no. 12, p. 2787.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Shao, N., Zhang, Y., Cheung, S., and Yang, R., Chan W.-H., Mo T., Li K., Liu F, Anal. Chem., 2005, vol. 77, no. 22, p. 7294.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Han, S. and Chen, Y., Anal. Methods, 2011, vol. 3, no. 3, p. C. 557.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. Han, S. and Chen, Y., Dyes Pigments, 2011, vol. 88, no. 3, p. 235.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Shao, N., Jin, J.Y., Wang, H., Zhang, Y., Yang, R.H., and Chan, W.H., Anal. Chem., 2008, vol. 80, no. 9, p. 3466.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Shao, N., Wang, H., Gao, X., Yang, R., and Chan, W.-H., Anal. Chem., 2010, vol. 82, no. 11, p. 4628.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Taylor, L.D., Nicholson, J., and Davis, R.B., Tetrahedron Lett., 1967, no. 17, p. 1585.

  53. Winkler, J.D., Deshayes, K., and Shao, B., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1989, vol. 111, no. 2, p. 769.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Zhu, J.-F., Yuan, H., Chan, W.-H., and Lee, A.W.V., Tetrahedron Lett, 2010, vol. 51, no. 12, p. 1550.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  55. Zhu, J.-F., Yuan, H., Chan, W.-H., and Lee, A.W.V., Org. Biomol. Chem., 2010, vol. 8, no. 17, p. 3957.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Voloshin, N.A., Chernyshev, A.V., Metelitsa, A.V., Raskita, I.M., Voloshina, E.N., and Minkin, V.I., Russ. Chem. Bull., 2005, vol. 54, no. 3, p. 705.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Chernyshev, A.V., Voloshin, N.A., Raskita, I.M., and Minkin, V.I., J. Photochem. Photobiol., A, 2006, vol. 184, no. 3, p. 289.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Roxburgh, C.J., Sammes, P.G., and Abdullah, A., Eur. J. Inorg. Chem., 2008, no. 31, p. 4951.

  59. Zakhaova, M.I., Coudret, C., Pimenta, V., Micheau, J.C., Delbaere, S., Vermeersh, G., Metelitsa, A., Voloshin, N., and Minkin, V.I., Photochem. Phobiol. Sci., 2010, vol. 9, no. 2, p. 199.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  60. Zakhaova, M.I., Coudret, C., Pimenta, V., Micheau, J.C., Sliva, M., Poizat, O., Buntinx, G., Delbaere, S., Vermeersh, G., Metelitsa, A., Voloshin, N., and Minkin, V.I., Dyes and Pigments, 2011, vol. 89, no. 3, p. 324.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  61. Sakata, T., Jackson, D.K., Mao, S., and Marriott, G., J. Org. Chem., 2008, vol. 73, no. 1, p. 227.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Attia, M.S., Khalil, M.M., Abdel-Mottaleb, M.S.A., Lukyanova, M.B., Alekseenko, Yu.A., and Lukyanov, B., Int. J. Photoenergy, 2006, p. 1.

  63. Natali, M., Soldi, L., and Giordani, S., Tetrahedron, 2010, vol. 66, no. 38, p. 7612.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Ren, J. and Tian, H., Sensors, 2007, vol. 7, no. 12, p. 3166.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Wojityk, J.T.C., Kazmaier, P.M., and Buncel, E., Chem.Commun., 1998, no. 16, p. 1703.

  66. Wojityk, J.T.C., Kazmaier, P.M., and Buncel, E., Chem. Mater., 2001, vol. 13, no. 8, p. 2547.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  67. Guo, X., Zhang, D., Zhang, G., and Zhu, D., J. Phys. Chem. B, 2004, vol. 108, no. 32, p. 11942.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Guo, X., Zhang, D., and Zhu, D., J. Phys. Chem. B, 2004, vol. 108, no. 1, p. 212.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Guo, X., Zhang, D., Tao, H., and Zhu, D., Org. Lett., 2004, vol. 6, no. 15, p. 2491.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Choi, H., Ku, B.-S., Keum, S-R., Kang, S.O., and Ko, J., Terahedron, 2005, vol. 61, no. 15, p. 3719.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Guo, X., Zhang, D., and Zhu, D., Adv. Mater., 2004, vol. 16, no. 2, p. 125.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Filley, J., Ibrahim, M.A., Nimlos, R., Watt, A.S., and Slake, D.M., J. Photochem. Photobiol., A, 1998, vol. 117, no. 3, p. 193.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Yagi, S., Nakamura, S., Watanabe, D., and Nakazumi, H., Dyes Pigments, 2009, vol. 80, no. 1, p. 98.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Liu, Z., Jiang, L., Liang, Z., and Gao, Y., Tetrahedron Lett., 2005, vol. 46, no. 5, p. 885.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Liu, Z., Jiang, L., Liang, Z., and Gao, Y., Tetrahedron, 2006, vol. 62, no. 14, p. 3214.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Liu, Z., Jiang, L., Liang, Z., and Gao, Y., J. Mol. Struct., 2005, vol. 737, nos. 2–3, p. 267.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Kumar, S., Chau, C., Chau, G., and McCurdy, A., Tetrahedron, 2008, vol. 64, nos 30–31, p. 7097.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Suzuki, T., Kawata, Y., Kahara, S., and Kato, T., Chem. Commun., 2003, no. 16, p. 2004.

  79. Radu, A., Burne, R., Alhashimy, N., and Fusaro, M., J. Photochem. Photobiol., A, 2009, vol. 206, nos. 2–3, p. 109.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Fries, K.H., Driskell, J.D., Samanta, S., and Locklin, J., Anal. Chem., 2010, vol. 82, no. 8, p. 3306.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Suzuki, T., Kato, T., and Shinozaki, H., Chem. Commun., 2004, no. 18, p. 2036.

  82. Hirahara, Y., Bunya, K., and Shinozaki, H., J. Mater. Chem., 2010, vol. 20, p. 2773.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  83. Kobayashi, N., Sato, S., Takazawa, K., Ikeda, K., and Hibohashi, R., Electochim. Acta, 1995, vol. 40, nos 13–14, p. 2309.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Samanta, S. and Locklin, J., Langmuir, 2008, vol. 24, no. 17, p. 9558.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. Fries, K., Samanta, S., Orski, S., and Locklin, J., Chem. Commun., 2008, no. 43, p. 5288.

  86. Burne, R.J., Stitzel, S.E., and Diamond, D., J. Mater. Chem, 2005, vol. 16, no. 14, p. 1332.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  87. Natali, M., Aakeroy, C., Desper, J., and Giordani, S., Dalton Trans., 2010, vol. 39, no. 35, p. 8269.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Scarmagnani, S., Walsh, Z., Slater, C., Albashimy, N., Paull, B., Macka, M., and Diamond, D., J. Mater. Chem., 2008, vol. 18, no. 42, p. 5063.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Connal, L.A., Franks, G.V., and Qiao, G.G., Langmuir, 2010, vol. 26, no. 13, p. 10397.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Park, S., Jang, Y.-S., Lee, K.-J., and Kim, J.-M., Chem. Commun., 2010, no. 16, p. 2859.

  91. Radu, A., Scarmagnani, S., Byrne, R., Slater, C., and Tong, K.T., J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., 2007, vol. 40, no. 23, p. 7238.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Tamaki, T. and Ichimura, K., J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1989, no. 12, p. 1477.

  93. Oda, H., J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol., 1993, vol. 58, no. 4, p. 343.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Minkovska, S., Kolev, K., Jejiazkova, B., and Deligeorgiev, T., Dyes Pigments, 1998, vol. 39, no. 1, p. 25.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. Tian, Z., Stairs, R.A., Wyer, M., Mosey, N., Dust, J.M., Kraft, T.M., and Buncel, E., J. Phys. Chem. A, 2010, vol. 114, no. 44, p. 11900.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Zhou, J., Zhao, F., Li, Y., Zhang, F., and Song, X., J. Photochem. Photobiol., A, 1995, vol. 92, no. 3, p. 193.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Preigh, M.J., Lin, F.-T., Ismail, K.Z., and Weber, S.G., Chem. Commun., 1995, p. 2091.

  98. Strokach, Yu.P., Valova, T.M., Barachevsky, V.A., Alfimov, M.V., Lokshin, V., Guglielmetti, R., and Samat, A., Sci. Appl. Photo, 1999, vol. 44, no. 6, p. 491.

    Google Scholar 

  99. Deligeorgiev, T., Minkovska, S., Jejiazkova, B., and Rakovsky, S., Dyes Pigments, 2002, vol. 53, no. 2, p. 101.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. Lafuma, A., Chodorowski-Kimmes, S., Quinn, F.X., and Sanchez, C., Eur. J. Inorg. Chem., 2003, no. 2, p. 331.

  101. Nishikiori, H., Takamura, T., Shimamura, S., and Fujii, T., J. Photochem. Photobiol., A, 2011, vol. 222, no. 1, p. 236.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. Minkovska, S., Fedieva, M., Jellaskova, B., and Deligeorgiev, T., Polyhedron, 2004, vol. 23, no. 18, p. 3147.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. Alhashimy, N., Byrne, R., Minkovska, S., and Diamond, D., Tetrahedron Lett., 2009, vol. 50, no. 42, p. 2573.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. Jejiazkova, B., Minkovska, S., and Deligeorgiev, T., J. Photochem. Photobiol., A, 2005, vol. 171, no. 2, p. 153.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  105. Nishikiori, H., Tanaka, N., Takagi, K., and Fujii, T., J. Photochem. Photobiol., A, 2007, vol. 189, no. 1, p. 46.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  106. Strokach, Yu.P., Valova, T.M., Barachevsky, V.A., Shienok, A.I., and Marevtsev, I.S., Rus. Chem. Bull., 2005, vo. 54, no. 6, p. 1477.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. Popov, L.D., Shcherbakov, I.N., Kogan, V.A., Kobeleva, O.I., Valova, T.M., Barachevsky, V.A., Shienok, A.I., Kol’tsova, L.S., and Zaichenko, N.L., Rus. Chem. Bull., 2009, vol. 58, no. 5, p. 974.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. Zhang, Z., Zhang, C., Fan, M., and Yan, W., Dyes Pigments, 2008, vol. 77, no. 2, p. 469.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  109. Kopelman, R.A., Paquette, M.M., and Frank, N., Inorg. Chim. Acta, 2008, vol. 361, nos. 12–13, p. 3570.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  110. Kopelman, R.A., Snyder, S.M., and Frank, N., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2003, vol. 125, no. 45, p. 13684.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  111. Zhang, C., Zhang, Z., Fan, M., and Yan, W., Dyes and Pigments, 2008, vol. 76, no. 3, p. 832.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. Nishikiori, H., Sasai, R., Arai, N., and Takagi, K., Chem. Lett., 2000, vol. 29, no. 10, p. 1142.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  113. Nishikiori, H., Sasai, R., Takagi, K., and Fujii, T., Langmuir, 2006, vol. 22, no. 7, p. 3376.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  114. Stauffer, M.T. and Weber, S.G., Anal. Chem., 1999, vol. 71, no. 6, p. 1146.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  115. Kumar, S., Hemandez, D., Hoa, B., Lee, Y., Yang, J.S., and McCurdy, A., Org. Lett., 2008, vol. 10, no. 17, p. 3761.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  116. Ahmed, S.A., Tanaka, M., Ando, H., Ivamoto, H., and Kimura, K., Tetrahedron, 2003, vol. 59, no. 23, p. 4135.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  117. Benito-Lopez, F., Scarmagnani, S., Walsh, Z., Paull, B., and Me, M., Sens. Actuators, B, 2009, vol. 140, no. 1, p. 295.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  118. Collins, G.E., Morris, R.E., Wie, J.-P., Smith, M., Hammond, M.H., Michelet, V., Winkler, J.D., Serino, P.M., and Guo, V., Energy Fuels, 2002, vol. 16, no. 5, p. 1054.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  119. Evans, L., Collins, G.E., and Shaffer, R.E., Anal. Chem., 1999, vol. 71, no. 17, p. 5322.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Photochemistry Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, ul. Novatorov, 7A-1, 119421, Russia

    V. A. Barachevsky

Authors
  1. V. A. Barachevsky
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Additional information

Original Russian Text © V.A. Barachevsky 2013, published in Obzornyi Zhurnal po Khimii, 2013, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 58–103.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Barachevsky, V.A. Photochromic spirocompounds and chromenes for sensing metal ions. Ref. J. Chem. 3, 52–94 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1134/S2079978012040012

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S2079978012040012

Keywords

Search

Navigation