Abstract
The synthesis of lithium titanate which includes mechanical activation of the precursor on a Bridgman anvil high-pressure apparatus is proposed. The electrodes composed of the prepared Li4Ti5O12 surpass their analogs in terms of the charge density, especially at high discharge currents, which we attribute to considerably finer particles of the prepared active material and the use of a solid polymer electrolyte as an electrically conducting binder which ensures uniform accessibility of the surface of anode material particles. This results in the most complete involvement of the lithium titanate during charge–discharge cycles and, consequently, higher specific discharge capacity. Solid state electrodes offer the advantage of stability, as compared to other electrodes, due to the lack of a liquid electrolyte in their composition; liquid electrolytes are known to cause corrosion, which leads to substantial losses of the electrode capacity during charge–discharge cycles.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Smirnov, K.S., Zhorin, V.A., and Smirnov, S.E., Study of properties of cathode materials based on lithium iron phosphate, Inorg. Mater.: Appl. Res., 2014, vol. 5, no. 5, pp. 467–470.
Safronov, D.V., Novikova, S.A., Yaroslavtsev, A.B., and Skundin, A.M., Lithium intercalation and deintercalation processes in Li4Ti5O12 and LiFePO4, Inorg. Mater., 2012, vol. 48, no. 1, pp. 57–61.
Kosova, N.V. and Devyatkina, E.T., Synthesis of nanosized materials for lithium-ion batteries by mechanical activation. Studies of their structure and properties, Russ. J. Electrochem., 2012, vol. 48, no. 3, pp. 320–329.
Berbenni, V., Milanese, C., Bruni, G., and Marini, A., Activated solid-state synthesis of Li4Ti5O12 spinel from Li2CO3–TiO2 mixtures, Z. Naturforsch., 2010, vol. 65b, pp. 23–26.
Smirnov, S.S., Zhorin, V.A., and Kiselev, M.R., Synthesis and electrochemical properties of lithium-vanadium bronze, Russ. J. Appl. Chem., 2010, vol. 83, no. 7, pp. 1215–1219.
Vorob’ev, I.S., Smirnov, S.S., Smirnov, S.E., and Zhorin, V.A., Synthesis and electrochemical properties of double lithium-titanium phosphate, Russ. J. Appl. Chem., 2014, vol. 87, no. 6, pp. 734–737.
Vorob’ev, I.S., Zhorin, V.A., Smirnov, K.S., and Smirnov, S.E., synthesis and electrochemical properties of composite cathode materials, Russ. J. Appl. Chem., 2015, vol. 88, no. 3, pp. 394–397.
Zlokazov, V.B. and Chernyshev, V.V., MRIA—a program for a full profile analysis of powder multiphase neutron-diffraction time-of-flight (direct and Fourier) spectra, J. Appl. Cryst., 1992, vol. 25, pp. 447–451.
Smirnov, S.E., Putsylov, I.A., and Yangulov, N.A., Effect of ultrasonic treatment on electrochemical and structural parameters of a MnO2 cathode, Russ. J. Appl. Chem., 2009, vol. 82, no. 6, pp. 1014–1017.
Egorov, A.M., Putsylov, I.A, Smirnov, S.E., and Fateev, S.A., Effect of mechanical activation on characteristics of electrodes based on fluorinated carbon nanotubes, Russ. J. Appl. Chem., 2016, vol. 89, no. 3, pp. 448–451.
Chebotarev, V.P., Zhorin, V.A., Smirnov, S.E., et al., Development and investigation of solid polymer electrolytes for lithium cells, Plast. Massy, 2004, no. 2, pp. 44–46.
Sorensen, E.M., Barry, S.J., Jung, H.-K., Poeppelmeier, K.R., et al., Three-dimensionally ordered macroporous Li4Ti5O12: Effect of wall structure on electrochemical properties, Chem. Mater., 2006, vol. 18, pp. 482–489.
Kulova, T.L., Skundin, A.M., Kreshchenova, Yu.M., Kuz’mina, A.A., Stenina, I.A., and Yaroslavtsev, A.B., New high-capacity anode materials based on gallium-doped lithium titanate, Mendeleev Commun., 2016, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 238–239.
Zhorin, V.A., Kiselev, M.R., Puryaeva, T.P., and Smirnov, S.E., Activation of thermal processes in mixtures of some vanadium compounds with LiOH as a result of plastic deformation under high pressure, Prot. Met. Phys. Chem. Surf., 2010, vol. 46, no. 1, pp. 96–102.
Yaroslavtsev, A.B., Kulova, T.L., and Skundin, A.M., Electrode nanomaterials for lithium-ion batteries, Russ. Chem. Rev., 2015, vol. 84, no. 8, pp. 826–852.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © S.E. Smirnov, V.A. Zhorin, M.R. Kiselev, S.S. Smirnov, N.A. Yashtulov, 2018, published in Perspektivnye Materialy, 2018, No. 3, pp. 5–11.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Smirnov, S.E., Zhorin, V.A., Kiselev, M.R. et al. Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of Lithium Titanate. Inorg. Mater. Appl. Res. 9, 803–806 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1134/S2075113318050271
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S2075113318050271