Abstract
The current state of studies on surface tension (ST) of the sodium-potassium binary alloy systems is briefly reviewed. Studies on ST of Na-K alloys prepared in identical conditions are carried out. The ST measurements are performed in the entire concentration range of the alloy compositions which were obtained at a single load of a measuring device with high-purity Na and K starting components. It is shown that there is no minimum in the ST isotherm of the examined system, though it was observed there according to the earlier literature. The potassium component exhibits positive adsorption on the alloy surfaces, which goes through a maximum in alloys with the K content of about 13 at %.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bystrov, P.I., Kagan, D.N., Krechetova, G.A., et al., Zhidkometallicheskie teplonositeli teplovykh trub i energeticheskikh ustanovok (Liquid-Metal Heat-Transfers of Heat Tubes of Energetic Devices), Moscow: Nauka, 1988.
Alchagirov, B.B. and Khokonov, Kh.B., Alkaline Metals and Alloys with Their Participation—Perspective Materials of Contemporary Technique and Energetic, in Fizika i khimiya perspektivnykh materialov, (Physics and Chemistry of Perspective Materials), Nal’chik: Kab.-Balk. Gos. Univ., 1988.
Ivanovskii, M.N., Loginov, N.I., Milovidova, A.V., et al., Sodium-Potassium Alloy of Eutectic Composition—Heat-Transfer of Cosmic Nuclear Energetic Devices. Thermophysical Properties of Compounds (Liquid Metals and Alloys), Trudy mezhd. seminara, 2001 g, (Proc. Int. Semin.), Nal’chik: Kab.-Balk. Gos. Univ., 2001.
Morozov, V.A., Arnol’dov, M.N., and Loginov, N.I., Sodium-Potassium Eutectics. Physico-Chemical Studies, Tezisy dokladov mezhvedomstvennogo seminara “Tekhnologiya shchelochnykh zhidkometallicheskikh teplonositelei” (Teplofizika-2009), (Proc. Interdepartm. Semin. “Technology of Alkaline Liquid-Metal Heat-Transfers” (Thermophysics-2009), Obninsk, 2009, pp. 64–71.
Shebzukhov, A.A., Osiko, T.P., Kozhokova, F.M., and Mozgovoi, A.G., Poverkhnostnoe natyazhenie zhidkikh shchelochnykh metallov i splavov. Obzory po teplofizicheskim svoistvam veshchestv, (Surface Tension of Liquid Alkaline Metals and Alloys. Reviews of Thermophysical Properties of Substances), Moscow: Inst. Vys. Temp. Ross. Akad. Nauk, 1980, no. 5(31).
Alchagirov, B.B., Poverkhnostnoe natyazhenie shchelochnykh metallov i splavov s ikh uchastiem. Obzory po teplofizicheskim svoistvam veshchestv, (Surface Tension of Liquid Alkaline Metals and Alloys with Their Participation. Reviews of Thermophysical Properties of Substances), Moscow: Inst. Vys. Temp. Ross. Akad. Nauk, 1991, no. 3 (89); no. 4 (90).
Keene, B.J., Review of Data for Surface Tension of Pure Metals, Int. Rev., 1993, vol. 38, no. 4, pp. 157–192.
Benjamin, A.C., Handbook of Thermodynamic and Transport Properties of Alkali Metals. Chapter 6.8: Surface Tension,. Ohse, R.W., Ed., Oxford: Blackwell Sci. Publ., 1985.
Lebedev, R.V. and Pugachevich, P.P., Surface Tension and Adsorption in Alkaline Metal Solutions, Zh. Fiz. Khim., 1969, vol. 43, no. 5, pp. 1286–1287.
Ewing, C.T. and Atkinson, H.B., Properties of Na-K Alloy, NRL Report no. C-3887, 1948.
Bradhurst, D.N. and Buchanan, A.S., Surface Properties of Liquid Sodium and Na-K Alloys in Contact with Metal Oxide Surface, Austral. J. Chem., 1961, vol. 14, pp. 397–401.
Lebedev, R.V., Measurement of Interphase Tension in Sodium-Potassium Alloys, Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved., Fiz., 1972, no. 12, pp. 155–158.
Lebedev, R.V., Pugachevich, P.P., and Zadumkin, S.N., Surface Tension in Alkaline Metal Melts and Their Solutions, in Fizicheskaya khimiya poverkhnostnykh yavlenii v rasplavakh (Physical Chemistry of Surface Phenomena in Melts), Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 1971, pp. 157–159.
Osiko, T.P. and Alchagirov, B.B., Surface Tension of Binary Melts of Alkaline Metals. Sodium-Potassium Alloys, Teplofiz. Vys. Temp., 1987, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 809–812.
Ibragimov, Kh.I., Pokrovskii, N.L., and Pugachevich, P.P., About Some Methodical Questions of Surface Tension Measurement of Liquid Metals, Nauchnye trudy 2-i Vsesoyuznoi nauchnoi konferentsii po poverkhnostnym yavleniyam v rasplavakh i voznikayushchikh iz nikh tverdykh fazakh “Poverkhnostnye yavleniya v rasplavakh i voznikayushchikh iz nikh tverdykh fazakh”, (Proc. 2nd All-Union Sci. Conf. on Surface Phenomena in Melts and Solid Phases Produced from Them), Nal’chik: Kab.-Balkar. Gos. Univ., 1965.
Pokrovskii, N.L. and Ibragimov, Kh.I., To Analysis of Experimental Isotherms of Surface Tension of Binary Metal Systems, in Fizicheskaya khimiya poverkhnostnykh rasplavov (Physical Chemistry of Surface Melts), Tbilisi: Metsniereba, 1977, pp. 30–38.
Addison, C.C., Addison, W.E., and Kerridge, D.H., The Influence of Oxide Films on the Surface Tension of Liquid Sodium, J. Chem. Soc., 1955, no. 9, pp. 3047–3050.
Unezhev, B.Kh., Zadumkin, S.N., and Karashaev, A.A., Effect of Gas Medium on Surface Tension of Liquid Metals, in Elektrokhimiya i rasplavy (Electrochemistry and Melts), Moscow: Nauka, 1974, pp. 111–118.
Borgstedt, H.U., Solution of Oxygen in Liquid Alkali Metals, in Handbook of Thermodynamic and Transport Properties of Alkali Metals, Ohse, R.W., Ed., Oxford: Blackwell Sci. Publ., 1985, pp. 901–909.
Ivanovskii, M.N., Morozov, V.A., Shimkevich, A.L., and Shmatko, B.A., About Solubility of Oxygen in Alkaline Metals, Teplofiz. Vys. Temp., 1983, vol. 21, no. 5, pp. 909–912.
RF Patent 2086957, 1997.
Alchagirov, B.B. and Dadashev, R.Kh., Metod bol’shoi kapli dlya opredeleniya plotnosti i poverkhnostnogo natyazheniya metallov i splavov (Method of Large Drop for Determination of Surface Tension Density of Metals and Alloys), Nal’chik: Kab.-Balk. Gos. Univ., 2009.
Alchagirov, B.B. and Chochaeva, A.M., The Method of a Large (Lying) Drop: Effect of a Nonhorizontal Substrate on the Accuracy of Surface Tension Measurements, Instrum. Exp. Tech., 1998, vol. 41, no. 3, pp. 416–418.
Alchagirov, B.B., Lazarev, V.B., and Khokonov, Kh.B., Rabota vykhoda elektrona shchelochnykh metallov i splavov s ikh uchastiem. Obzory po teplofizicheskim svoistvam veshchestv (Electron Emission Work of Alkaline Metals and Alloys with Their Participation. Reviews of Thermophysical Properties of Substances), Moscow: TFTs. RAN, 1989. N 5(79), 4(90).
Alchagirov, B.B., Afaunova, L.Kh., Arkhestov, R.Kh., and Taova, T.M., About Adsorption Curve of Sodium-Potassium Binary System, Tezisy dokladov mezhvedomstvennogo seminara “Tekhnologiya shchelochnykh zhidkometallicheskikh teplonositelei” (Teplofizika-2009), (Proc. Interdepartm. Semin. “Technology of Alkaline Liquid-Metal Heat-Transfers” (Thermophysics-2009), Obninsk, 2009.
Alchagirov, B.B., Connection of Surface Energy with Electron Emission Work of Binary Metal Solutions, Zh. Fiz. Khim., 1990, vol. 64, no. 11, pp. 2983–2987.
Shebzukhov, A.A. and Osiko, T.P., To the Electron-Statistical Theory of the Surface Energy of Binary Metal Alloys, in Fizika mezhfaznykh yavlenii (Physics of Interphase Phenomena), Nal’chik: Kab.-Balk. Gos. Univ., 1977.
Shebzukhov, A.A., Theories of Surface Segregation in Concentrated Solutions, Poverkhnost’: Fizika, Khimiya, Mekhanika, 1983, no. 9, pp. 31–39.
Popel’, S.I., About Criteria of Component Surface Activity, in Poverkhnostnye yavleniya v rasplavakh (Surface Phenomena in Melts), Moscow: Metallurgiya, 1994.
Alchagirov, B.B., Khokonov, Kh.B., and Chochaeva, A.M., Raschety adsorbtsii komponentov, sostava i tolshchiny poverkhnostnykh sloev binarnykh metallicheskikh rastvorov: Uchebno-metodicheskoe posobie (Calculation of Component Adsorption, Composition and Thickness of Surface Layers of Binary Metal Solutions. A Tutorial), Nal’chik: Kab.-Balk. Gos. Univ., 2004.
Alchagirov, B.B., Afaunova, L.Kh., Taova, T.M., et al., Calculation of Potassium Adsorption in Sodium-Potassium Alloys: Taking into Account Component Activity, Vestnik Kab.-Balk. Gos. Univ., Ser. Fiz. Nauki, 2100, vol. 9, no. 12, pp. 9–12.
Semenchenko, V.G., Poverkhnostnye yavleniya v metallakh i splavakh (Surface Phenomena in Metals and Alloys), Moscow: Gostekhteorizdat, 1957.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Original Russian Text © B.B. Alchagirov, L.Kh. Afaunova, F.F. Dyshekova, Z.A. Kegadueva, A.G. Mozgovoi, R.Kh. Arkhestov, T.M. Taova, Kh.B. Khokonov, 2011, published in Perspektivnye Materialy, 201, No. 2, pp. 34–41.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Alchagirov, B.B., Afaunova, L.K., Dyshekova, F.F. et al. Surface tension and adsorption of components in the sodium-potassium alloy systems: Effective liquid metal coolants promising in nuclear and space power engineering. Inorg. Mater. Appl. Res. 2, 461–467 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1134/S2075113311050030
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S2075113311050030