Abstract
Changes have been studied in space and time in the proportion of dead individuals in the zooplankton of the Curonian Lagoon. Dead individuals were found in the populations of all dominant invertebrate species. Their proportion was shown to increase during “hyperbloom” by a factor of 5 to 6. In the vegetation period without algal hyperbloom (2007), the dead individuals accounted on average for 1.9 ± 0.7% of the total abundance and 1.7 ± 0.8% of the total biomass of zooplankton; in the vegetation period with hyperbloom (2008), their proportion increased to 6.7 ± 3.0% and 5.9 ± 2.5%, respectively. Differences in sensitivity to bloom of Cianobacteria have been revealed in hydrobionts from different groups. Cladocera and nauplial Copepoda are the most sensitive groups; Cyclopoida is the least sensitive. The highest proportion of dead individuals was recorded in the most eutophicated and polluted part of the lagoon. It is suggested that parameters of zooplankton mortality be used for estimating the ecological state of the Curonian Lagoon.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aleksandrov, S.V., Long-Term Variability of the Trophic Status of the Curonian and Vistula Lagoons of the Baltic Sea, Biol. Vnutr. Vod, 2009, no. 4, pp. 27–34 [Inland Water Biol. (Engl. Transl.), 2009, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 319–326].
Aleksandrov, S.V. and Dmitrieva, O.A., Primary Production and Characteristics of Phytoplankton as Criteria of Eutrophication of the Curonian Lagoon of the Baltic Sea, Water Resur., 2006, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 104–110.
Andronikova, I.N., Strukturno-funktsional’naya organizatsiya zooplanktona ozernykh ekosistem raznykh troficheskikh tipov (Structural-Functional Organization of Zooplankton of Lake Ecosystems of Different Trophic Types), St. Petersburg: Nauka, 1996.
Andronikova, I.N. and Raspopov, I.M., Zones of Environmental Risk in Coastal Areas of Lake Ladoga, Biol. Vnutr. Vod, 2007, no. 2, pp. 3–10.
Belykh, O.I., Gladkikh, A.S., Tikhonova, I.V., and Dmitrieva, O.A., Identification of Genes Involved in the Synthesis of Cyanobacterial Toxins in Different Water Bodies in Russia: Molecular-Biological Approach to Water Quality Assessment, in Tez. dokl. X s”ezda Gidrobiol. Obshch. RAN (Abstr. X Congr. Hydrobiol. Soc. Ros. Akad. Sci.), Vladivostok, 2009, p. 39.
Vinberg, G.G., Pervichnaya produktsiya vodoemov (Primary Production of Water Bodies), Minsk: Akad. Nauk BSSR, 1960.
Vinberg, G.G., Experience of Using Different Systems of Biological Indication of Water Pollution in the USSR, in Vliyanie zagryaznyayushchikh veshchestv na gidrobiontov i ekosistemy vodoemov (Influence of Pollutants on Aquatic Animals and Ecosystems of Water Bodies), Leningrad: Nauka, 1979, pp. 285–289.
Gladyshev, M.I., A Device for Staining Zooplankton Organisms to Differentiate Live and Dead Animals in Fixed Samples, Gidrobiol. Zh., 1993, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 94–97.
Dmitrieva, O.A., Potentially Toxic Phytoplankton Species of the Russian Part of Curonian and Vistula Bays of the Baltic Sea, in Problemy izucheniya i okhrany prirodnogo i kul’turnogo naslediya natsional’nogo parka “Kurshskaya Kosa” (Problems of Study and Protection of Natural and Cultural Heritage of the Kurshskaya Kosa National Park), Kaliningrad, 2007, vol. 5, pp. 102–117.
Dmitrieva, O.A., Semenova, A.S., and Chukalova, N.N., Effect of Blooming of Cyanobacteria on the Environmental Situation in the Curonian Lagoon, in Antropogennoe vliyanie na vodnye organizmy i ekosistemy: Mater. III Vseros. Konf. (Proc. III All-Russia Conf. “Anthropogenic Effects on Aquatic Organisms and Ecosystems”), Borok, 2008, pp. 229–233.
Dubovskaya, O.P., Vertical Distribution of Live and Dead Zooplankton Occurring in the Sayan-Shusha Reservoir, Gidrobiol. Zh., 1987, vol. 23, no. 6, pp. 84–88.
Dubovskaya, O.P., Estimate of the Number of Dead Zooplanktonic Crustaceans in a Water Body using Aniline Blue Staining of Samples: Methodological Aspects, Zhurn. Sib. Fed. Univ., Ser. Biol., 2008, no. 2, pp. 145–161.
Dubovskaya, O.P., Mortality of Planktonic Crustaceans Not Related to Predators and Its Possible Causes (Overview), Zh. Obshch. Biol., 2009, vol. 70, no. 2, pp. 168–192.
Dubovskaya, O.P., Gladyshev, M.I., and Gubanov, V.G., Seasonal Dynamics of Live and Dead Zooplankton Specimens in a Small Pond and Some Variants of Estimation of Mortality, Zh. Obshch. Biol., 1999, vol. 60, no. 5, pp. 543–555.
Dubovskaya, O.P., Gladyshev, M.I., and Makhutova, O.N., Zooplankton Outflow through a High-Pressure Dam and Its Fate in a River with Fast Current (a Case Study of the Dam of the Krasnoyarsk Hydroelectric Power Station on the Yenisei River), Zh. Obshch. Biol., 2004, vol. 65, no. 1, pp. 81–93.
Dubovskaya, O.P., Semenchenko, V.P., Gladyshev, M.I., et al., Characteristics of Mortality not Related to Predators in Zooplanktonic Cladocerans in the Pelagic and Littoral Zone of a Shallow Slightly Eutrophic Lake, Dokl. Akad. Nauk, 2007, vol. 416, no. 6, pp. 836–838.
Ivanova, M.B. and Telesh, I.V., Assessment of the Environmental State of Neva Bay and Watercourses of St. Petersburg by Zooplankton, Ekologicheskoe sostoyanie vodoemov i vodotokov basseina reki Nevy (Ecological State of Water Bodies and Watercourses of the Neva River), St. Petersburg: Nauch. Tsentr Ros. Akad. Nauk, 1996, pp. 36–52.
Karmaikl, V.V., Chernaenko, V.M., and Evans, I., Cyclic Peptide Hepatotoxins from Freshwater Cyanobacteria (Blue-Green Algae) Collected in Blooming Waters of Ukraine and the European Part of Russia, Dokl. Akad. Nauk, 1993, vol. 330, no. 5, pp. 659–661.
Kastal’skaya-Karzinkina, M.A., Method of Determination of Living and Dead Plankton Components in Fixed Material, Tr. Kosinsk. Limnol. St., 1935, vol. 19, pp. 91–103.
Kiselev, I.A., Plankton morei i kontinental’nykh vodoemov (Plankton of Seas and Inland Water Bodies), Moscow: Nauka, 1969.
Kiselite, T., Zooplankton of Curonian Bay, Tr. AN LitSSR. Ser. Biol., Vilnus, 1957, vol. 4, pp. 30–34.
Kozhova, O.M., The Problem of Monitoring Zooplankton, in Monitoring sostoyaniya ozera Baikal (Monitoring of the State of Lake Baikal), Leningrad: Gidrometeoizdat, 1991, pp. 209–222.
Krylova, O.I., Functioning of Plankton and Benthos in Curonian and Vistula Lagoons of the Baltic Sea in Relation to Their Ecological Differences, Extended Abstract of Cand. Sci. (Biol.) Dissertation, Moscow, 1984.
Metodicheskie rekomendatsii po sboru i obrabotke materialov pri gidrobiologicheskikh issledovaniyakh na presnovodnykh vodoemakh. Zooplankton i ego produktsiya (Methodological Guidelines for Collecting and Processing Materials for Hydrobiological Studies in a Freshwater Environment. Zooplankton and Its Production), Leningrad: Gos. NII Ozer. Rech. Ryb. Khoz., 1984, 33 p.
Naumenko, E.N., Zooplankton in Different Types of Estuaries (using Curonian and Vistula Estuaries as an Example), Biol. Vnutr. Vod, 2009, no. 1, pp. 76–85 [Inland Water Biol. (Engl. Transl.), 2009, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 72–81].
Semenova, A.S., Changes in Zooplankton Characteristics of the Curonian Lagoon during Cyanobacterial Blooming, Voda: Khimiya i Ekologiya, 2009, no. 9, pp. 2–6.
Sergeeva, V.A., Status and Distribution of Zooplankton in Polluted Sites of Ladoga Basin, Sb. Nauch. Tr. Gos. NII Ozer. Rech. Ryb. Khoz., 1988, no. 285, pp. 114–128.
Sergeeva, O.A., Kalinichenko, R.A., Lenchina, L.G., and Medyanik, E.V., Effect of the Cooling System of a Thermal Power Plant on Plankton, Gidrobiol. Zh., 1989, vol. 25, no. 6, pp. 37–42.
Smel’skaya, M.V., Using the Method of Intravital Staining to Assess the Proportion between Living and Dead Animals in the Zooplankton of Lake Galichskoe, in Biology of Inland Waters: Inform. Bull., St. Petersburg, 1995, no. 98, pp. 69–71.
Telesh, I.V., Transformation of Lacustrine Plankton in Rivers, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1986, vol. 291, no. 2, pp. 495–498.
“Tsvetenie” vody (Water Blooming), Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 1968.
Shestakov, V.S., The Role of Cyanobacteria in the Plankton Dynamics of Highly Trophic Lakes, Extended Abstract of Cand. Sci. (Biol.) Dissertation, St. Petersburg, 1999.
Shcherban’, E.P., Experimental Assessment of Toxicity of the Danube River Water for Daphnia magna Straus, Gidrobiol. Zh., 1982, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 82–87.
Shcherban’, E.P., Comparative Efficacy of Bioassays Based on Using Different Types of Cladocera, Gidrobiol. Zh., 1992, vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 76–81.
Shchuka, T.A., Characteristics of the Current State of Zooplankton in the Baltic Sea, Extended Abstract of Cand. Sci. (Biol.) Dissertation, Moscow, 2002.
Bickel, S.L., Tang, K.W., and Grossart, H.P., Use of Aniline Blue to Distinguish Live and Dead Crustacean Zooplankton Composition in Freshwaters, Freshwater Biol., 2008, vol. 54, no. 5, pp. 971–981.
Dubovskaya, O.P., Gladyshev, M.I., Gubanov, V.G., and Makhutova, O.N., Study of Non-Consumptive Mortality of Crustacean Zooplankton in a Siberian Reservoir Using Staining for Live/Dead Sorting and Sediment Traps, Hydrobiologia, 2003, vol. 504, pp. 223–227.
Ferrarin, C., Razinkovas, A., and Gulbinskas, S., et al., Hydraulic Regime-Based Zonation Scheme of the Curonian Lagoon, Hydrobiologia, 2008, vol. 611, pp. 133–146.
Fulton, R.S. and Paerl, H.W., Toxic and Inhibitory Effects of the Blue-Green Alga Microcystis aeruginosa to Herbivorous Zooplankton, J. Plankton Res., 1987, vol. 9, pp. 837–843.
Gladyshev, M.I., Dubovskaya, O.P., Gubanov, V.G., and Makhutova, O.N., Evaluation of Non-Predatory Mortality of Two Daphnia Species in a Siberian Reservoir, J. Plankton Res., 2003, vol. 25, no. 8, pp. 999–1003.
Haney, J.F. and Hall, D.J., Sugar-Coated Daphnia: A Preservation Technique for Cladocera, Limnol. Oceanogr., 1973, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 331–333.
Lampert, W., Inhibitory and Toxic Effect of Blue-Green Algae on Daphnia, Int. Rev. Gesamt. Hydrobiol., 1981, vol. 66, pp. 285–289.
Moustaka-Gouni, M., Vardaka, E., Michaloudi, E., et al., Plankton Food Web Structure in a Eutrophic Polymictic Lake with a History of Toxic Cyanobacterial Blooms, Limnol. Oceanogr., 2006, vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 715–727.
Nizan, S., Dimentman, C., and Shilo, M., Acute Toxic Effects of the Cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa on Daphnia magna, Limnol. Oceanogr., 1986, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 497–500.
Olenina, I., Long-Term Changes in the Kursiu Marios Lagoon: Eutrophication and Phytoplankton Response, Ecologija, 1998, no. 1, pp. 56–65.
Paldaviêiene, A., Mazur-Marzec, H., and Razinkovas, A., Toxic Cyanobacteria Blooms in the Lithuanian Part of the Curonian Lagoon, Oceanologia, 2009, vol. 51, no. 2, pp. 203–216.
Rohrlack, T., Dittmann, E., Börner, T., and Christoffersen, K., Effects of Cell-Bound Microcystins on Survival and Feeding of Daphnia spp., Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2001, vol. 67, no. 8, pp. 3523–3529.
Schmidt-Ries, H., Untersuchungen zur Kenntnis des Pelagials Eines Strangewassers (Kurisches Haff), Z. Fisch., 1940, vol. 6, no. 2, 325 p.
Seepersad, B. and Crippen, R.W., Use of Aniline Blue for Distinguishing between Live and Dead Freshwater Zooplankton, J. Fish. Res. Board Can., 1978, vol. 35, no. 10, pp. 1363–1366.
Szidat, L., Beitrage Zur Faunistik und Biologie des Kurischen Haff, in Schr. Physik.-Econom. Gesellschaft zur Koenigsberg i Pr., 1926, vol. 65, no. 1, pp. 5–31.
Tang, K.W., Freund, C.S., and Schweitzer, C.L., Occurrence of Copepod Carcasses in the Lower Chesapeake Bay and Their Decomposition by Ambient Microbes, Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci., 2006, vol. 68, pp. 499–508.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © A.S. Semenova, 2011, published in Biologiya Vnutrennikh Vod, No. 3, 2011, pp. 35–44.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Semenova, A.S. Proportion of dead individuals in the zooplankton of the Curonian Lagoon of the Baltic Sea. Inland Water Biol 4, 332–340 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995082911020180
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995082911020180