Abstract
Li2ZnTi3O8/C nanomaterials are synthesized using the sol-gel method; polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and sucrose are used as carbon sources. The materials are characterized using XRD, TEM, TGA, and Raman spectroscopy. The influence of the carbon precursor and the annealing temperature on the electrochemical properties of the materials is investigated. It has been shown that the addition of both polyvinylidene fluoride and sucrose leads to the formation of nanosized lithium zinc titanate and high conductive carbon. This modification leads to the enhancement of electrochemical properties of the materials; namely, the discharge capacity of Li2ZnTi3O8 and Li2ZnTi3O8/C-5F annealed at 800°C under a current of 20 mA/g are 180 and 227 mA h/g, respectively.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
B. Zhao, R. Ran, M. Liu, and Z. Shao, Mater. Sci. Eng. R 98, 1 (2015).
A. B. Yaroslavtsev, T. L. Kulova, and A. M. Skundin, Russ. Chem. Rev. 84, 826 (2015).
Zh. Yang, J. Zhang, M. C. W. Kintner-Meyer, X. Lu, D. Choi, J. P. Lemmon, and J. Liu, Chem. Rev. 111, 3577 (2011).
Z. S. Hong, M. D. Wei, X. K. Ding, L. L. Jiang, and K. M. Wei, Electrochem. Commun. 12, 720 (2010).
T. Liu, H. Tang, L. Zan, and Zh. J. Tang, Electroanal. Chem. 771, 10 (2016).
L. Wang, L. J. Wu, Z. H. Li, G. T. Lei, Q. Z. Xiao, and P. Zhang, Electrochim. Acta 56, 5343 (2011).
L. Wang, B. Chen, Zh. Meng, B. Luo, X. Wang, and Y. Zhao, Electrochim. Acta 188, 135 (2016).
H. Tang, J. Zhu, Zh. Tang, and Ch. J. Ma, Electroanal. Chem. 731, 60 (2014).
G.-N. Zhu, C.-X. Wang, and Y.-Y. J. Xia, Electrochem. Soc. 158, A102 (2011).
H. Tang and Zh. J. Tang, Alloys Compd. 613, 267 (2014).
H. Tang, L. Zan, W. Mao, and Zh. J. Tang, Electroanal. Chem. 751, 57 (2015).
Ch. Chen, Ch. Ai, X. Liu, Y. He, and Y. J. Wu, Alloys Compd. 698, 692 (2017).
X. Han, Z. Zhao, Y. Xu, D. Liu, H. Zhang, and C. Zhao, RSC Adv. 4, 41968 (2014).
D. Gryzlov, S. Novikova, T. Kulova, A. Skundin, and A. Yaroslavtsev, Mater. Des. 104, 95 (2016).
S. Krishna Kumar, S. Ghosh, P. Ghosal, and S. K. Martha, J. Power Sources 356, 115 (2017).
T. Nakajima, V. Gupta, Y. Ohzawa, M. Koh, R. N. Singh, A. Tressaud, and E. Durand, J. Power Sources 104, 108 (2002).
P. A. Nikiforova, I. A. Stenina, T. L. Kulova, A. M. Skundin, and A. B. Yaroslavtsev, Inorg. Mater. 52 (11), 1137 (2016).
J. D. Wilcox, M. M. Doeff, M. Marcinek, and R. Kostecki, J. Electrochem. Soc. 154, A389 (2007).
F. Tuinstra and J. L. J. Koenig, Chem. Phys. 53, 1126 (1970).
I. A. Stenina, S. S. Bukalov, T. L. Kulova, A. M. Skundin, N. Yu. Tabachkova, and A. B. Yaroslavtsev, Nanotechnol. Russ. 10, 865 (2015).
Zh. Zhu, F. Cheng, and J. Chen, J. Mater. Chem. A 9484 (2013).
Z. Zheng, Y. Wang, A. Zhang, T. Zhang, F. Cheng, Zh. Tao, and J. Chen, J. Power Sources 198, 229 (2012).
Yu. Xu, Zh. Hong, L. Xia, J. Yang, and M. Wei, Electrochim. Acta 88, 74 (2013).
I. A. Stenina, T. L. Kulova, A. M. Skundin, and A. B. Yaroslavtsev, Mater. Res. Bull. 75, 178 (2016).
W. J. H. Borghols, M. Wagemaker, U. Lafont, E. M. Kelde, and F. M. Mulder, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 131, 17786 (2009).
I. A. Stenina, A. N. Sobolev, A. A. Kuz’mina, T. L. Kulova, A. M. Skundin, N. Yu. Tabachkova, and A. B. Yaroslavtsev, Inorg. Mater. 53, 1039 (2017).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © I.A. Stenina, P.A. Nikiforova, T.L. Kulova, A.M. Skundin, A.B. Yaroslavtsev, 2017, published in Rossiiskie Nanotekhnologii, 2017, Vol. 12, Nos. 11–12.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Stenina, I.A., Nikiforova, P.A., Kulova, T.L. et al. Electrochemical Properties of Li2ZnTi3O8/C Nanomaterials. Nanotechnol Russia 12, 605–612 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995078017060118
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995078017060118