Abstract
We have determined the total bremsstrahlung photon fluxes with end-point energies in the giant dipole resonance (GDR) region produced by electron accelerator Microtron MT—25 (the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reaction, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia) and that of 65 MeV bremsstrahlung produced by the linear electron accelerator (the Pohang Neutron Facility, Pohang, South Korea). The method that we used was the photon activation technique. To ensure the accuracy of the results, we carried out simultaneous photon activation of two monitors made of Cu and Au foils in the same irradiation conditions. The results are discussed in the paper.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
U. E. P. Berg and U. Kneissl, Ann. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 37, 33 (1987).
E. Jacobs, H. Thierens, D. De Frenne, A. De Clercq, P. D’hondt, P. De Gelder, and A. J. Deruytter, Phys. Rev. C: Nucl. Phys. 21, 237 (1980).
Yu. P. Gangrski, A. P. Tonchev, and N. P. Balabanov, Phys. Part. Nucl. 27, 1043 (1996).
C. J. Karzmax and N. C. Pering, Phys. Med. Biol. 18, 321 (1973).
“Manual on Radiation Sterilization of Medical and Biological Materials,” Tech. Rep. Series No. 149 (Int. At. Energy Agency, Vienna, 1973).
Yu. M. Tsipenyuk, The Microtron (Taylor Francis, New York, 2002), p. 167.
A. D. Antonov, M. Hnatich, J. Honkonen, and M. Jurcisin, Preprint P-1589-318 (Joint Inst. Nucl. Res., Dubna, 1989)
A. D. Antonov, N. P. Balabanov, Yu. P. Gangrskyi, and A. P. Tonchev, Preprint P15-90-425 (Joint Inst. Nucl. Res., Dubna, 1990)
N. V. Do, D. K. Pham, T. T. Kim, D. T. Tran, V.D. Phung, Y. S. Lee, G. Kim, Y. Oh, H.-S. Lee, H. Kang, M.-H. Cho, I. S. Ko, and W. Namkung, J. Korean Phys. Soc. 50, 417 (2007).
Yu. Ts. Oganessian, S. N. Dmitriev, J. Kliman, O. D. Maslov, G. Ya. Starodub, A. G. Belov, and S. P. Tretyakova, Preprint E7-2000-83 (Joint Inst. Nucl. Res., Dubna, 2000).
F. Ibrahim, J. Obert, O. Bajeat, J. M. Buhour, D. Carminati, F. Clapier, C. Donzaud, M. Ducourtieux, J. M. Dufour, S. Essabaa, S. Gales, D. Guillemaud-Mueller, F. Hosni, O. Hubert, A. Joinet, U. Koster, C. Lau, H. Lefort, G. Le Scornet, J. Lettry, A. C. Mueller, M. Mirea, N. Pauwels, O. Perru, J. C. Potier, J. Proust, F. Pougheon, H. Ravn, L. Rinolfi, G. Rossat, H. Safa, M. G. Saint Laurent, M. Santana-Leitner, O. Sorlin, and D. Verney, Eur. Phys. J. A 15, 357 (2002).
K. Devan, A. K. M. M. H. Meaze, Y. S. Lee, H. Kang, M.-H. Cho, I. S. Ko, W. Namkung, N. V. Do, P. D. Khue, T. D. Thiep, and P. V. Duan, J. Korean Phys. Soc. 49, 89 (2006).
N. V. Do, D. K. Pham, D. T. Tran, V. D. Phung, Y. S. Lee, H.-S. Lee, M.-H. Cho, I. S. Ko, W. Namkung, A. K. M. M. H. Meaze, K. Devan, and G. Kim, J. Korean Phys. Soc. 48, 382 (2006).
R. A. Kuznhetzov, Activation Analysis (Atomizdat, Moscow, 1974), p. 110 [in Russian].
Yu. N. Burmistenko, Photonuclear Analysis of Materials Compound (Energoatomizdat, Moscow, 1986). p. 59 [in Russian].
“Radiological Safety Aspects of the Operation of the Electron Linear Accelerators,” Report. Tech. Series No. 188 (Int. At. Energy Agency, Vienna, 1979).
B. L. Berman, At. Nucl. Tables 15, 319 (1975).
S. Volfram, Mathematica (Wesley, Wokingham, 1988), p. 467.
C. M. Lederer and V. S. Shirley, Table of Isotopes, 7th ed. (Wiley, New York, 1978), pp. 201, 1265.
R. B. Firestone, Table of Isotopes. CD ROM Edition, Version 1.0 (Wiley, New York, 1996), pp. 1524, 8494.
A. G. Belov, Preprint D15-93-80 (Joint Inst. Nucl. Res., Dubna, 1993).
G. N. Kim, Y. S. Lee, V. Skoy, V. Kovalchuk, M.-H. Cho, I. S. Ko, W. Namkung, D. W. Lee, H. D. Kim, S. K. Ko, S. H. Park, D. S. Kim, T. I. Ro, and Y. G. Min, J. Korean Phys. Soc. 38, 14 (2001).
L. I. Schiff, Phys. Rev. 83, 252 (1951).
N. T. Khai and T. D. Thiep, Vietnam. J. Commun. Phys. 13, 149 (2003).
N. T. Khai, T. D. Thiep, T. T. An, P. V. Cuong, N. T. Vinh, A. G. Belov, and O. D. Maslov, Phys. Part. Nucl. Lett., No. 5, 736 (2008).
N. T. Khai, T. D. Thiep, T. T. An, P. V. Cuong, N. T. Vinh, Yu. P. Gangrski, G. V. Mishinski, V. I. Zhemenik, Sh. Gerbish, A. G. Belov, and O. D. Maslov, Phys. Part. Nucl. Lett. No. 1, 34 (2010).
T. D. Thiep, T. T. An, T. D. Phu, P. V. Cuong, N. T. Vinh, N. T. P. Nam, T. T. T. My, A. G. Belov, O. D. Maslov, and H. H. Thang, Phys. Part. Nucl. Lett., No. 4, 127 (2005).
D. R. Jansen, PhD Thesis (Delft Univ. Technol., Delft, 2010).
M. J. Berger and S. M. Seltzer, Phys. Rev. C: Nucl. Phys. 2, 621 (1970).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
The article is published in the original.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Thiep, T.D., An, T.T., Khai, N.T. et al. Determination of the total bremsstrahlung photon flux from electron accelerators by simultaneous activation of two monitors. Phys. Part. Nuclei Lett. 9, 648–655 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1547477112080092
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1547477112080092