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The TAIGA Experiment: From Cosmic Ray Physics to Gamma Astronomy in the Tunka Valley

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Abstract

The article presents the relevance and advantages of the new gamma observatory TAIGA (Tunka Advanced Instrument for cosmic ray physics and Gamma Astronomy), which is being constructed in the Tunka Valley 50 km from Lake Baikal. Various detectors of the six TAIGA gamma observatory arrays register the Cherenkov and radio radiation, as well as the electron and muon components of EAS. The primary objective of the TAIGA gamma observatory is to study the high-energy part of the gamma-ray spectrum, in particular, in order to search for Galactic PeVatrons. The energy, direction, and position of the EAS axis are reconstructed in the observatory based on the data of the wide-angle Cherenkov detectors of the TAIGA-HiSCORE experiment. Taking into account this information, the gamma quanta are distinguished from the hadron background using the data obtained by the muon detectors and telescopes that register the EAS image in the Cherenkov light. In this hybrid mode of operation, the atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes can operate in the mono-mode, and the distance between them can be increased to 800–1000 m, which makes it possible to construct an array with an area of 5 km2 and more at relatively low cost and in a short time. By 2019, the first stage of the gamma observatory with an area of 1 km2 will be constructed; its expected integral sensitivity for detecting the gamma radiation with an energy of 100 TeV at observation of the source for 300 hours will be approximately \(2 \times 5\) 10–13 TeV cm–2s–1.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The study is supported by the contracts of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (nos. 14.B25.31.0010, 3.9678.2017/8.9, 3.904.2017/4.6, 3.6787.2017/7.8, and 1.6790.2017/7.8), grants of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (16-29-13035, 16-02- 00738, 16-32-00329, and 17-02-00905), and grant of the Russian Scientific Foundation 15-12-20022 (Section 3). The study is performed using the equipment of the Shared Use Center, supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation as a part of agreement no. 14.593.21.0005 of August 28, 2017.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia

    N. N. Kalmykov, V. A. Kozhin, E. E. Korosteleva, L. A. Kuzmichev, B. K. Lubsandorzhiev, N. B. Lubsandorzhiev, E. A. Osipova, M. I. Panasyuk, E. G. Popova, E. B. Postnikov, V. V. Prosin, L. G. Sveshnikova, A. A. Silaev, A. A. Silaev & A. O. Skurikhin

  2. Research Institute of Applied Physics, Irkutsk State University, 664020, Irkutsk, Russia

    N. M. Budnev, P. A. Bezyazeekov, A. R. Gafarov, O. A. Gress, T. I. Gress, O. G. Grishin, A. N. Dyachok, D. P. Zhurov, A. V. Zagorodnikov, V. L. Zurbanov, A. L. Ivanova, Yu. A. Kazarina, S. N. Kiryuhin, L. A. Kuzmichev, Yu. E. Lemeshev, V. V. Lenok, R. R. Mirgazov, R. Mirzoyan, R. D. Monkhoev, L. V. Pankov, A. L. Pakhorukov, V. A. Poleschuk, A. A. Pushnin, E. V. Ryabov, V. S. Samoliga, Yu. A. Semeney, V. A. Tabolenko, B. A. Tarashansky & O. L. Fedorov

  3. Institute for Nuclear Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142190, Troitsk, Moscow, Russia

    B. K. Lubsandorzhiev, G. I. Rubtsov & A. Yu. Sidorenkov

  4. Max Planck Institute for Physics, 80805, Munich, Germany

    R. Mirzoyan

  5. Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere, and Radiowave Propagation, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142191, Troitsk, Moscow, Russia

    V. S. Ptuskin

  6. National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, 115409, Moscow, Russia

    I. I. Astapov, V. V. Kindin, R. P. Kokoulin, K. G. Kompaniets, A. A. Petrukhin & I. I. Yashin

  7. Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980, Dubna, Moscow, Russia

    A. V. Boreyko, A. N. Borodin, N. V. Gorbunov, V. M. Grebenyuk, A. A. Grinyuk, B. M. Sabirov, Ya. Sagan, M. Slunecka, L. G. Tkachev & A. V. Tkachenko

  8. Novosibirsk State University, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia

    A. Yu. Garmash, P. S. Kirilenko, E. I. Kravchenko & A. V. Sokolov

  9. Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia

    E. I. Kravchenko & A. V. Sokolov

  10. Dubna State University, 141982, Dubna, Moscow, Russia

    N. V. Gorbunov, V. M. Grebenyuk & L. G. Tkachev

  11. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany

    D. G. Kostunin

Authors
  1. N. M. Budnev
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  2. I. I. Astapov
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  3. P. A. Bezyazeekov
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  4. A. V. Boreyko
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  5. A. N. Borodin
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  6. A. Yu. Garmash
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  7. A. R. Gafarov
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  8. N. V. Gorbunov
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  9. V. M. Grebenyuk
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  10. O. A. Gress
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  11. T. I. Gress
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  12. A. A. Grinyuk
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  13. O. G. Grishin
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  14. A. N. Dyachok
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  15. D. P. Zhurov
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  16. A. V. Zagorodnikov
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  17. V. L. Zurbanov
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  18. A. L. Ivanova
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  19. Yu. A. Kazarina
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  20. N. N. Kalmykov
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  21. V. V. Kindin
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  22. P. S. Kirilenko
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  23. S. N. Kiryuhin
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  24. V. A. Kozhin
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  25. R. P. Kokoulin
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  26. K. G. Kompaniets
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  27. E. E. Korosteleva
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  28. D. G. Kostunin
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  29. E. I. Kravchenko
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  30. L. A. Kuzmichev
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  31. Yu. E. Lemeshev
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  32. V. V. Lenok
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  33. B. K. Lubsandorzhiev
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  34. N. B. Lubsandorzhiev
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  35. R. R. Mirgazov
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  36. R. Mirzoyan
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  37. R. D. Monkhoev
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  38. E. A. Osipova
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  39. M. I. Panasyuk
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  40. L. V. Pankov
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  41. A. L. Pakhorukov
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  42. A. A. Petrukhin
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  48. A. A. Pushnin
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  49. G. I. Rubtsov
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  50. E. V. Ryabov
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  51. B. M. Sabirov
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  52. Ya. Sagan
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  53. V. S. Samoliga
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  54. L. G. Sveshnikova
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  55. Yu. A. Semeney
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  56. A. Yu. Sidorenkov
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  57. A. A. Silaev
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  58. A. A. Silaev
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  59. A. O. Skurikhin
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  60. M. Slunecka
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  61. A. V. Sokolov
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  62. V. A. Tabolenko
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  63. B. A. Tarashansky
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  64. L. G. Tkachev
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  65. A. V. Tkachenko
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  66. O. L. Fedorov
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  67. I. I. Yashin
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to N. M. Budnev.

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Translated by M. Chubarova

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Budnev, N.M., Astapov, I.I., Bezyazeekov, P.A. et al. The TAIGA Experiment: From Cosmic Ray Physics to Gamma Astronomy in the Tunka Valley. Phys. Part. Nuclei 49, 589–598 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063779618040172

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