Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Glycocalyx Modifications in Acanthocephalans

  • Zoology
  • Published:
Biology Bulletin Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Published reports and the author’s own data concerning the morphology of glycocalyx on the acanthocephalan tegument surface have been analyzed. Successive formation of up to six glycocalyx modifications that differ with regard to dimensions and certain structural characteristics has been shown to occur during the life cycle of these worms. All modifications could apparently be subdivided into two groups that corresponded to “intestinal” and “tissue” acanthocephalan forms. Glycocalyx was the thickest in the tissue forms, namely, cystacanths from intermediate hosts and juvenile worms from paratenic hosts. This may be due to involvement of the glycocalyx in defense from the cellular reaction of the host organism.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Amin, O.M., Heckmann, R.A., Mesa, R., and Mesa, E., Description and host relationships of cystacanths of Polymorphus spindlatus (Acanthocephala: Polymorphidae) from their paratenic fish hosts in Peru, J. Helminthol. Soc. Washington, 1995, vol. 62, no. 2, pp. 249–253.

    Google Scholar 

  • Amin, O.M., Richard, A.H., Victor, I., and Vasquez, R., Immature Polyacanthorhynchus rhopalorhynchus (Acanthocephala: Polyacanthorhynchidae) in Venton, Hoplias malabaricus (Pisces) from Moca Vie River, Bolivia, with Notes in its Apical Organ and Histopathology, J. Helminthol. Soc. Washington, 1996, vol. 63, no. 1, pp. 115–119.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barabashova, V.N., The structure and role of integuments of acanthocephalans (Acanthocephala) in their life activity, Parazitologiya, 1971, vol. 5, no. 5, pp. 446–454.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baron, P.J., On the histology, histochemistry, and ultrastructure of the cysticercoid of Raillietina cesticillus (Molin, 1858) Fuhrmann, 1920 (Cestoda, Cyclophyllidea), Parasitology, 1971, vol. 62, no. 2, pp. 233–245.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Beermann, I., Arai, H.P., and Costerton, J.W., The ultrastructure of the lemnisci and body wall of Octospinifer macilentus (Acanthocephala), Can. J. Zool., 1974, vol. 52, no. 5, pp. 533–535.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bennett, H.S., Morphological aspects of extracellular polysaccharides, J. Histochem. Cytochem., 1963, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 14–23.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bobrovskikh, E.Yu., The fine structure of the integument of mature acanthocephalans Echinorhynchus gadi (Acanthocephala), Parazitologiya, 1992, vol. 26, no. 5, pp. 396–401.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bogoyavlenskii, Yu.K. and Ivanova, G.I., Mikrostruktura tkanei skrebnei (The Microstructure of Acanthocephalan Tissues), Moscow: Nauka, 1978.

    Google Scholar 

  • Butterworth, P., The development of the body wall of Polymorphus minutus (Acanthocephala) in its intermediate host Gammarus pulex, Parasitology, 1969, vol. 59, no. 2, pp. 373–388.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Byram, J.E. and Fisher, F.M., The absorptive surface of Moniliformis dubius (Acanthocephala). 1. Fine structure, Tissue Cell, 1973, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 553–579.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Calley, J., The functional significance of scolex retraction and subsequent cyst formation in the cysticercoid larva of hymenolepis microstoma, Parasitology, 1974, vol. 68, no. 2, pp. 207–227.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chiang, C.-P. and Caulfield, J.P., Schistosoma mansoni: ultrastructural demonstration of a miracidial glycocalyx that cross-reacts with antibodies raised against the cercarial glycocalyx, Exp. Parasitol., 1988, vol. 67, no. 1, pp. 63–72.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Crompton, D.W.T., Morphological and histochemical observations on Polymorphus minutus (Goeze, 1782) with special reference to the body wall, Parasitology, 1963, vol. 53, nos. 3–4, pp. 663–7685.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Crompton, D.W.T. and Lee, D.L., The fine structure of the body wall of Polymorphus minutus (Goeze, 1782) (Acanthocephala), Parasitology, 1965, vol. 55, no. 2, pp. 357–364.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dezfuli, B.S., Host–parasite interface between Asellus aquaticus (Isopoda) and larvae of Acanthocephalus anguillae (Acanthocephala), Fol. Parasitol., 2000, vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 154–156.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dezfuli, B.S. and Giari, L., Amphipod intermediate host of Polymorphus minutus (Acanthocephala), parasite of water birds, with notes on ultrastructure of host-parasite interface, Fol. Parasitol., 1999, vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 117–122.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dezfuli, B.S., Bosi, G., and Rossi, R., The ultrastructure of the capsule surrounding Pomphorhynchus laevis (Acanthocephala) in its intermediate host Echinogammarus stammeri (Amphipoda), Parassitilogia, 1992, vol. 34, pp. 61–69.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dezfuli, B.S., Bosi, G., and Rossi, R., Fine structure of the envelope surrounding the cystacanth of Acanthocephalus clavula (Acanthocephala) in its intermediate host Echinogammarus stammeri (Amphipoda), Transact. Am. Microscop. Soc., 1994, vol. 113, no. 1, pp. 34–42.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dezfuli, B.S., Simoni, E., Duclos, L., and Rossetti, E., Crustacean–acanthocephalan interaction and host cellmediated immunity: parasite encapsulation and melanization, Fol. Parasitol., 2008, vol. 55, no. 1, pp. 53–59.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Graeber, K. and Storch, V., Elektronmikroskopische und morphometrische Untersuchungen am Integument der Acanthocephala (Aschelminthes), Z. Parasitenk., 1978, vol. 57, no. 2, pp. 121–135.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hammond, R.A., The fine structure of the trunk and praesoma wall of the Acanthocephalus ranae (Schrank, 1788), Luhe, 1911, Parasitology, 1967, vol. 57, no. 3, pp. 475–486.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ito, S., Form and function of the glycocalyx on free cell surfaces, Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B, 1974, vol. 268, no. 891, pp. 55–66.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Klimova, T.V. and Nikishin, V.P., The first data on tissue organization of the parasite Acanthocephalus tenuirostris, in Sistematika i ekologiya parazitov. Tr. Tsentra parazitologii (Systematics and Ecology of Parasites. Transactions of the Parasitology Center), Movsesyan, S.O., Ed., Moscow: KMK, 2014, vol. 48, pp. 122–124.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krasnoshchekov, G.P. and Nikishin, V.P., Ultrastructure of the cyst wall of metacestodes Aploparaksis polystictae Schiller, 1955 and A. furcigera (Cestoda, Cyclophyllidea), Parazitologiya, 1979a, vol. 1979, no. 13, pp. 3–250.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krasnoshchekov, G.P. and Nikishin, V.P., The ultrastructure of protective envelopes of cestode larvae, in Ekologiya i morfologiya gel’mintov pozvonochnykh Chukotki (Ecology and Morphology of Helminths of Vertebrates of Chukotka), Sonin, M.D., Ed., Moscow: Nauka, 1979b, pp. 116–132.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krasnoshchekov, G.P. and Nikishin, V.P., Adaptive role of helminth glycocalyx, in IV Vsesoyuz. simp. po parazitam i boleznyam vodnykh bespozvonochnykh. Tez. dokl. (Abstr. IV All-Union Symp. on Parasites and Diseases of Aquatic Invertebrates), Moscow: MGU, 1986, pp. 69–71.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krasnoshchekov, G.P., Nikishin, V.P., and Pluzhnikov, L.T., Ultrastructure of the cyst wall of monocercus-type cestode larvae, Parazitologiya, 1983, vol. 17, no. 5, pp. 391–396.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lackie, J.M. and Rotheram, S., Observations on the envelope surrounding Moniliformis dubius (Acanthocephala) in the intermediate host, Periplaneta americana, Parasitology, 1972, vol. 65, no. 2, pp. 303–308.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lange, H., Über Struktur und Histochemie des Integuments von Echinorhynchus gadi Muller (Acanthocephala), Z. Zellforsch. Microscop. Anat., 1970, vol. 104, no. 1, pp. 149–164.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lumsden, R.D., Cytological studies on the absorptive surface of cestodes. 1. The fine structure of the strobillar integument, Z. Parasitenk., 1966, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 355–382.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lumsden, R.D., Relationship of extrinsic polysaccharides to the tegument glycocalyx of cestodes, J. Parasitol., 1974, vol. 60, no. 2, pp. 374–375.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Marchand, B. and Grita-Timoulali, Z., Comparative ultrastructural study of the cuticle of larvae and adults of Centrorhynchus milvus Ward, 1956 (Acanthocephala, Centrorhynchidae), J. Parasitol., 1992, vol. 78, no. 2, pp. 355–359.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nanduri, J., Dennis, J.E., Rosenberrys, T.L., Mahmoud, A.A.F., and Tartakoff, A.M., Glycocalyx of bodies versus tails of Schistosoma mansoni cercariae (lectin-binding, size, charge, and electron microscopic characterization), J. Biol. Chem., 1991, vol. 266, no. 2, pp. 1341–1347.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nicholas, W.L. and Mercer, E.H., The ultrastructure of the tegument of Moniliformis dubius (Acanthocephala), Quart. J. Microscop. Sci., 1965, vol. 106, no. 2, pp. 137–146.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nikishin, V.P., Covering tissue ultrastructure of late acanthella Arhythmorhynchus petrochenkoi (Schmidt, 1969) (Acanthocephala: Polymorphidae), Parazitologiya, 1985, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 306–313.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nikishin, V.P., The fine structure of the metasoma wall of the cystacanth Polymorphus strumosoides Lundström, 1942 (Acanthocephala: Polymorphidae), Parazitologiya, 1986, vol. 20, no. 5, pp. 403–408.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nikishin, V.P., Formation of the capsule around Filicollis anatis in its intermediate host, J. Parasitol., 1992, vol. 78, no. 1, pp. 127–137.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nikishin, V.P., Tsitomorfologiya skrebnei (Cytomorphology of Acanthocephalans), Moscow: GEOS, 2004.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nikishin, V.P., Structure and differentiation of cysticercoid tissues. 3. Differentiation of tissues of the endocyst and typical diplocyst of Aploparaksis bulbocirrus (Cestoda, Hymenolepididae), Zool. Bespozv., 2010, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 159–176.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nikishin, V.P., Convergence of the cyst in cysticercoids (Cestoda, Hymenolepidata) and the tegument in cystacanths (Acanthocephala), Biol. Bull. (Moscow), 2011, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 195–202.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nikishin, V.P., Morphofunctional diversity of glycocalyx in tapeworms, Biol. Bull. Rev., 2017, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 160–178.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nikishin, V.P. and Skorobrechova, E.M., Encapsulation of acanthocephalans Corynosoma sp. in two reservoir host species, Dokl. Biol. Sci., 2007, vol. 417, no. 4, pp. 462–464.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nikishin, V.P. and Skorobrechova, E.M., Relationships of acanthocephalans with hosts (morphological aspect), Usp. Sovrem. Biol., 2015, vol. 135, no. 2, pp. 203–221.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nikishin, V.P., Pluzhnikov, L.T., and Leonov, S.A., The ultrastructure of integument of the cystacanth Polymorphus magnus (Acanthocephala, Polymorphidae), Parazitologiya, 1994, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 52–59.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rotheram, S. and Crompton, D.W.T., Observations on the early relationship between Moniliformis dubius (Acanthocephala) and the haemocytes of the intermediate host, Periplaneta americana, Parasitology, 1972, vol. 64, no. 1, pp. 15–21.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharpilo, V.P., On the ability of acanthella of the genus Centrorhynchus (Acanthocephala, Giganthorhynchidae) to passage through the reservoir hosts, in Materialy k nauch. konf. Vsesoyuz. ob-va gel’mintologov (Proc. Sci. Conf. All- Union Soc. Helminthologists), Moscow: Izd. AN SSSR, 1965, part 4, pp. 312–317.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sharpilo, V.P. and Salamatin, R.V., Paratenicheskii parazitizm: stanovlenie i razvitie kontseptsii. Istoricheskii ocherk, bibliografiya (Paratenic Parasitism: the Formation and Development of the Concept. Historical Essay and Bibliography), Kiev: Institut zoologii im. I.I. Shmal’gauzena NAN Ukrainy, 2005.

    Google Scholar 

  • Skorobrechova, E.M., Morphology of the relationships of the acanthocephalan Corynosoma strumosum (Acanthocephales: Polymorphidae) and paratenic hosts in nature and experiment, Cand. Sci. (Biol.) Dissertation, St. Petersburg: ZIN RAN, 2014.

    Google Scholar 

  • Skorobrechova, E.M. and Nikishin, V.P., Structure of capsule surrounding acanthocephalans Corynosoma strumpsum in paratenic hosts of three species, Parasitol. Res, 2011, vol. 108, no. 2, pp. 467–475.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Skorobrechova, E.M. and Nikishin, V.P., Encapsulation of the acanthocephalan Corynosoma strumosum in the fish Hemichromis bimaculatus: a preliminary experimental study, Vestn. SVNTs DVO RAN, 2012, no. 3, pp. 52–58.

    Google Scholar 

  • Skorobrechova, E.M. and Nikishin, V.P., Dependence of the structure of the capsule surrounding the acanthocephalan Corynosoma strumosum on the species of its natural paratenic host, Biol. Bull. (Moscow), 2013, vol. 41, no. 6, pp. 333–348.

    Google Scholar 

  • Skorobrechova, E.M. and Nikishin, V.P., The morphological peculiarities of the acanthocephalan Corynosoma strumosum (Rudolphi, 1802) (Polymorphidae) in paratenic hosts, the eelpout Zoarces elongatus (Kner, 1868) (Zoarcidae) and the halibut Hippoglossus stenolepis (Schmidt, 1904) (Pleuronectidae), Russ. J. Mar. Biol., 2017, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 49–56.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Skorobrechova, E., Nikishin, V., and Lisitsyna, O., Structure of capsule around acanthocephalan Corynosoma strumosum from uncommon paratenic hosts—lizards of two species, Parasitol. Res., 2012, vol. 110, no. 1, pp. 459–467.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Taraschewski, H., Host-parasite interactions in Acanthocephala: a morphological approach, Adv. Parasitol., 2000, vol. 46, pp. 1–179.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Valkounova, J., Comparative studies on the morphology, histology and histochemistry of metacestodes (Hymenolepididae, Dilepididae and Dipylididae), Fol. Parasitol., 1987, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 117–128.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Weinbaum, S., Tarbell, J.M., and Damiano, E.R., The structure and function of the endothelial glycocalyx layer, Annu. Rev. Biomed. Eng., 2007, vol. 9, pp. 121–167.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Whitfield, P.J., Acanthocephala, in Biology of the Integument, vol. 1: Invertebrates, Richards, K.S., Ed., Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1984, pp. 234–241.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Wright, R.D. and Lumsden, R.D., Ultrastructural and histochemical properties of the acanthocephalan epicuticle, J. Parasitol., 1968, vol. 54, no. 6, pp. 1111–1123.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wright, R.D. and Lumsden, R.D., The acanthor tegument of Moniliformis dubius, J. Parasitol., 1970, vol. 56, no. 4, pp. 727–735.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Biological Problems of the North, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Magadan, 685000, Russia

    V. P. Nikishin

  2. Northeastern State University, Magadan, 685000, Russia

    V. P. Nikishin

Authors
  1. V. P. Nikishin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to V. P. Nikishin.

Additional information

Original Russian Text © V.P. Nikishin, 2018, published in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Biologicheskaya, 2018, No. 1, pp. 42–54.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Nikishin, V.P. Glycocalyx Modifications in Acanthocephalans. Biol Bull Russ Acad Sci 45, 35–46 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1062359018010090

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1062359018010090

Search

Navigation