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Piriformospora indica Alleviates Salinity by Boosting Redox Poise and Antioxidative Potential of Tomato

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Abstract

More than 20% of irrigated land has been influenced by salt stress, decreasing crop production. In this research, we investigated the effect of different levels of salinity (0, 50, 100 and 150 mM NaCl) and the efficiency of Piriformospora indica on growth, biochemical traits, antioxidative defense system in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). NaCl stress reduced chlorophyll content, height and biomass of plants. Higher level of salinity (150 mM) declined the plant height by 22.65%, total dry weight by 56.44% and total chlorophyll by 44.34%, however, P. indica inoculation raised plant height by 43.47%, dry weight by 69.23% and total chlorophyll content by 48.09%. Salinity stress increased H2O2, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide anion and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) level in leaves and roots tomato seedlings. However, P. indica inoculation reduced H2O2, MDA and superoxide anion and enhanced DPPH compared to non-inoculated plants at all NaCl levels. The total phenol and flavonoids increased with NaCl treatment. On the other hand, the total phenolic and flavonoid increased more in P. indica inoculated plants compared to non-inoculated ones. Moreover, inoculation of P. indica implicated noteworthy improvement of superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), and glutathione reductase (GR) activity in tomato upon salinity. Notably, colonization with P. indica significantly improved the content of reduced ascorbic acid (AsA), glutathione (GSH) and redox ratio in the tomato plants under salinity resulting in reduced redox state. Our findings confirmed that salinity had negative effect on tomato seedling; however, P. indica inoculation increased tolerance to salinity by improving the content of phenolic compounds, non-enzymatic antioxidants, and increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes.

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Abbreviations

APX:

ascorbate peroxidase

AsA:

ascorbic acid

CAT:

catalase

DHA:

dehydroascorbate

DHAR:

dehydroascorbate reductase

DPPH:

DPPH—1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl

GR:

glutathione reductase

GSH:

reduced glutathione

GSSG:

oxidized glutathione

MDA:

malondialdehyde

MDHAR:

monodehydroascorbate reductase

POD:

guaiacol peroxidase

ROS:

reactive oxygen species

SOD:

superoxide dismutase

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Islamic Republic of Iran

    A. Ghorbani & S. M. Razavi

  2. Department of Agronomy, Genetics and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute of Tabarestan, Sari Agricultural Science and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran

    V. O. G. Omran & H. Pirdashti

Authors
  1. A. Ghorbani
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  2. S. M. Razavi
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  3. V. O. G. Omran
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  4. H. Pirdashti
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Correspondence to S. M. Razavi.

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Ghorbani, A., Razavi, S.M., Omran, V.O.G. et al. Piriformospora indica Alleviates Salinity by Boosting Redox Poise and Antioxidative Potential of Tomato. Russ J Plant Physiol 65, 898–907 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1021443718060079

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1021443718060079

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