Partial Catalytic Oxidation of C₃–C₄ Hydrocarbons on Pilot Scale

Abstract

The process of partial catalytic oxidation of a propane–butane mixture with atmospheric oxygen in a pilot unit has been accomplished. Comparative tests with α-Al₂O₃-supported nickel catalysts and a pressed metal wire catalyst (PMC) made from 12Kh18N10Т steel wire of a 0.2 mm diameter have been conducted. In both cases, byproducts (СН₄, СО₂, and coke) are formed along with the target products (Н₂, СО). It has been shown that the compositions of the resulting synthesis gas are close; however, the Н₂/CO molar ratio is closer to 2 in the case of PMC catalyst, which meets the requirements of the subsequent Fischer–Tropsch synthesis. Problems associated with coking and complete degradation of the structure of the α-Al₂O₃-based catalysts have been revealed and explained in terms of the low efficiency of heat removal from the surface and the formation of carbon in micropores followed by its expansion. These phenomena are characteristic of 12Kh18N10T PMC to a substantially lesser extent and have a local character, suggesting that this catalyst holds promise for its further investigation.