Abstract
A nonideal solubility equation is developed based on crystallinity and is applied to model the solid-liquid equilibrium for crystalline low-density polyethylene (LDPE) in a set of pure and blended nonpolar organic solvents experimentally at 338–379 K and atmospheric pressure. The polymer concentration ranges from 0.5 to 35 g in 100 mL solvent. Modified correlation based on the heat of fusion and the melting temperature was attained by using SSPS software based on experimental data. The ideal solubility and nonideal solubility equations were applied with two different regular methods for activity coefficient calculation, which do not correlate with the experimental data in large. The data collected from developed nonideal equation and modified correlation were found in good agreement with experimental data.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Tsay, C.S. and Mchugh, A.J., Mass transfer modeling of asymmetric membrane formation by phase inversion, J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys., 1990, vol. 28, pp. 1327–1365.
Microelectronics Processing: Chemical Engineering Aspects, Advances in Chemistry Series, vol. 221, Hess, D.W. and Jensen, K.F., Eds., Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1989.
Nauman, E., US Patent 5198471, 1993.
Nauman, E., US Patent 5278282, 1994.
Yeh, T.F., Reiser, A., Dammel, R.R., Pawlowski, G., and Roeschert, H., A percolation view of novolak dissolution. 2. The statistics of a three-dimensional cubic percolation field and a generalized scaling law, Macromolecules, 1993, vol. 26, no. 15, pp. 3862–3869.
Smith, P. and Pennings, A.J., Eutectic crystallization of pseudo binary systems of polyethylene and high melting diluents, Polymer, 1974, vol. 15, pp. 413–419.
Smith, P. and Pennings, A.J., Eutectic solidification of the pseudo binary system of polyethylene and 1, 2, 4, 5-tetrachlorobenzene, J. Mater. Sci., 1976, vol. 11, no. 8, pp. 1450–1459.
Richards, R.B., The phase equilibria between a crystalline polymer and solvents. I. The effect of polymer chain length on the solubility and swelling of polythene, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1946, vol. 42, pp. 10–28.
Nakajima, A. and Fujiwara, H., Phase relationships and thermodynamic interactions in isotactic polypropylene–diluent systems, J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys., 1968, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 723–733.
Nakajima, A., Estimation of thermodynamic interactions between polyethylene and n-alkanes by means of melting point measurements, Colloid Polym. Sci., 1965, vol. 205, pp. 51–61.
Smith, P. and Lemstra, J., Ultra-high-strength polyethylene filaments by solution spinning/drawing, J. Mater. Sci., 1980, vol. 15, pp. 505–514.
Pan, C., Modeling of solid-liquid equilibria in naphthalene, normal-alkane and polyethylene solutions, Fluid Phase Equilib., 1999, vol. 155, pp. 57–73.
Maity, S.K., Modeling and simulation of solid-liquid equilibrium by perturbed-chain statistical associating fluid theory, Master of Technology Thesis in Chemical Engineering, Kharagpur: Indian Institute of Technology, 2003.
Agarwal, R., Prasad, D., Maity, S., Gayen, K., and Ganguly, S., Experimental measurement and model based inferencing of solubility of polyethylene in xylene, J. Chem. Eng. Jpn., 2004, vol. 37, no. 12, pp. 1427–1435.
Hadi, A.J., Najmuldeen, G.F., and Ahmed, I., Polyolefins waste materials reconditioning using dissolution/reprecipitation method, APCBEE Procedia, 2012, vol. 3, pp. 281–286.
Hadi, A.J., Najmuldeen, G.F., and Ahmed, I., Quality restoration of waste polyolefin plastic material through the dissolution-reprecipitation technique, Chem. Ind. Chem. Eng. Q., 2014, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 163–170.
Hadi, A.J., Najmuldeen, G.F., and Yusoh, K.B., Dissolution/reprecipitation technique for waste polyolefin recycling using new pure and blend organic solvents, J. Polym. Eng. 2013, vol. 33, no. 5, pp. 471–481.
Hadi, A.J., Najmuldeen, G.F., and Ahmed, I., Potential solvent for reconditioning polyolefin waste materials, J. Polym. Eng., 2012, vol. 32, no. 8–9, pp. 585–591.
Strazielle, C. and Benoît, H., Molecular characterization of commercial polymers, Pure Appl. Chem., 1971, vol. 42, no. 4, pp. 451–480.
Smith, J., Van Ness, H., and Abbott, M., Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics, New York: McGraw-Hill, 2001.
Walas, S.M., Phase Equilibria in Chemical Engineering, Boston: Butterworths, 1985.
Sandler, S., Chemical, Biochemical, and Engineering Thermodynamics, New York: Wiley, 2006.
Prausnitz, J. and Lichtenthaler, R., Molecular Thermodynamics of Fluid-Phase Equilibria, Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 1998.
van Krevelen, D.W. and te Nijenhuis, Klaas, Properties of Polymers: Their Correlation with Chemical Structure; Their Numerical Estimation and Prediction from Additive Group Contributions, Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2009, 4th ed.
Wunderlich, B., Thermal Analysis, New York: Academic, 1990.
Blaine, R.L., TN 48: Polymer Heats of Fusion, New Castle, Del.: TA Instruments.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
The article is published in the original.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hadi, A.J., Yusoh, K.B., Hadi, G.J. et al. Modified Correlation for Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) Solubility in Several Organic Solvents. Theor Found Chem Eng 53, 115–121 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0040579519010068
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0040579519010068