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Members of the Uncultured Taxon OP1 (“Acetothermia”) Predominate in the Microbial Community of an Alkaline Hot Spring at East-Tuvinian Upland

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Abstract—

The thermophilic microbial community of a hydrotherm at East-Tuvinian upland is described. High-throughput profiling of the 16S rRNA gene and sequencing of the complete metagenome were used to characterize the phylogenetic and metabolic diversity of the microbial community of the Dikij Arjaan alkaline thermal spring of Ush-Bel’dir mineral water deposit in Tyva, Russia. Members of the uncultured phylum “Acetothermia” (candidate division OP1) predominated in the microbial community of the spring. While this phylum has already been detected in many thermal ecosystems, it never formed the main component of their microbial communities. Apart from “Acetothermia”, members of Nitrospirae and Chloroflexi comprised a significant part of the microbial community. Comparative analysis of our geochemical data on the spring and the previously published data on in silico reconstruction of “Acetothermia” metabolism led us to the suggestion that carbonate and bicarbonate can serve as the major carbon sources for the dominant bacterial group and that “Acetothermia” act as the primary producers in this ecosystem. Analysis of the functional genes also revealed the presence of physiological groups of denitrifyers, iron reducers, carboxydotrophs and diazotrophs. This is the first report on a thermophilic microbial community of a hydrotherm from the southwestern extremity of the Baikal rift zone. Moreover, microbial communities with predominance of uncultured “Acetothermia” have not been reported previously in terrestrial hydrotherms.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, projects nos. 16-54-76022 and 16-54-10072, and the UK-funded joint UK-Russia Project “Novel microorganisms and new enzymes from the Baikal Rift Zone” (grant no. IE160224). The search for Fe(III) reductase, acetyl-CoA synthase, CO dehydrogenase, and hydrogenase genes in the metagenome of the Dikij Arjaan spring was performed within the framework of the Russian Science Foundation Project no. 17-74-30025.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russia

    A. A. Korzhenkov, A. V. Teplyuk & E. A. Lunev

  2. Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

    A. V. Lebedinsky, I. V. Kublanov, S. V. Toshchakov & S. N. Gavrilov

  3. Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia

    A. A. Khvashchevskaya & Yu. G. Kopylova

  4. Research Institute of Medico-Social Problems of Tyva Republic, Kyzyl, Russia

    K. D. Arakchaa

  5. Bangor University, Gwynedd, United Kingdom

    P. N. Golyshin & O. V. Golyshina

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  1. A. A. Korzhenkov
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Korzhenkov, A.A., Teplyuk, A.V., Lebedinsky, A.V. et al. Members of the Uncultured Taxon OP1 (“Acetothermia”) Predominate in the Microbial Community of an Alkaline Hot Spring at East-Tuvinian Upland. Microbiology 87, 783–795 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0026261718060115

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