Abstract
We have carried out a combined theoretical (at the TDDFT BLYP/6-311++G** level of theory) and experimental study of the mechanism of phototautmerization of the N(3)H oxo tautomer of isocytosine dissolved in a water medium. The study reveals that this photoreaction occurs along the 1πσ* excited-state reaction paths of the oxo and hydroxy tautomers of the compound through conical intersections S0/S1. The last strucutres are located at the CASSCF level for both tautomers.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
P. R. Callis. Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem., 1983, 34, 329.
M. H. Daniels and W. W. Hauswirth. Science, 1971, 171, 675.
C. E. Crespo-Hernandez, B. Cohen, P. M. Hare, and B. Kohler. Chem. Rev., 2004, 104, 1977.
B. Cohen, C. E. Crespo-Hernandez, and B. Kohier. Faraday Discuss., 2004, 127, 137.
H. Mukhtar and C. A. Elmets. Photochem. Photobiol., 1996, 63, 355.
Radiation Induced Molecular Phenomena in Nucleic Acids / Eds. M. Shukla, J. Leszczynski. Springer, 2008
A. C. Rios and Y. Tor. Isr. J. Chem., 2013, 53, 469.
I. Hünig, C. Plützer, K. A. Seefeld, D. Löwenich, M. Nispel, and K. Kleinermanns. ChemPhysChem., 2004, 5, 1427.
Origins of Life: The Primal Self-Organization / Eds. R. Egel, A. Lankenau, A. Y. Mulkidjanian. Springer-Verlag: Berlin, 2011.
C. Switzer, S. E. Moroney, and S. A. Benner. J. Am. Chem. Soc, 1989, 111, 8322.
F. Seela, V. F. Wei, and Z. Kazimierczuk. Helv. Chim. Acta, 1995, 78, 1843.
C. Roberts, R. Bandara, and C. Switzer. J. Am. Chem. Soc, 1997, 119, 4640.
P. D. Edwards, J. S. Albert, M. Sylvester, D. Aharony, D. Andisik, O. Callaghan, J. B. Campbell, R. A. Carr, G. Chessari, M. Congreve, M. Frederickson, R. H. A. Folmer, S. Geschwindner, G. Koether, K. Kolmodin, J. Krumrine, R. C. Mauger, C. W. Murray, L. L. Olsson, S. Patel, N. Spear, and G. Tian. J. Med. Chem., 2007, 50, 5912.
M. Congreve, G. Chessari, D. Tisi, and A. J. Woodhead. J. Med. Chem., 2008, 51, 3661.
L. M. Beauchamp, B. L. Serling, J. E. Kelsey, K. K. Biron, P. Collins, J. Selway, J. C. Lin, and H. J. Schaeffer. J. Med. Chem., 1988, 31, 144.
A. Ono, P. O. P. Tso, and L. S. Kan. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1991, 113, 4032.
J. H. Burchenal, K. Ciovacco, K. Kalaher, T. O'Toole, M. H. Dowling, C. K. Chu, K. A. Watanabe, and J. J. Fox. Cancer Res., 1976, 36, 1520.
J. S. Kwiatkowski and J. Leszczynski. Int. J. Quantum Chem., 1997, 61, 453.
S. G. Stepanian, E. D. Radchenko, G. G Sheina, and Y. P. Blagoi. J. Mol. Struct., 1990, 216, 7790.
G. A. Jeffrey and Y. Kinoshita. Acta Cryst., 1963, 16, 20.
J. F. McConnell, B. D. Sharma, and R. E. Marsh. Nature, 1964, 203, 399.
H. Morita and S. Nagakura. Theor. Chim. Acta (Berl), 1968, 11, 279.
C. Helene and P. Douzou. Acad. Sci. Paris, 1964, 259, 4387.
C. Helene and P. Douzou. Acad. Sci. Paris, 1964, 259, 4853.
D. J. Brown and J. M. Lyall. Aust. J. Chem., 1962, 15, 851.
H. Vranken, J. Smets, and G. Maes. Spectrochim. Acta A, 1994, 50, 875.
M. J. Nowak, L. Lapinski, and J. Fulara. Spectrochim. Acta A, 1989, 45, 229.
R. I. Bakalska and V. B. Delchev. J. Mol. Mod., 2012, 18, 5133.
B. Chmura, M. Rode, A. L. Sobolewski, L. Lapinski, and M. Nowak. J. Phys. Chem. A, 2008, 112, 13655.
A. L. Sobolewski and W. Domcke. Europhysics News, 2006, 37, 20.
S. Perun, A. Sobolewski, and W. Domcke. J. Phys. Chem. A, 2006, 110, 13238.
V. B. Delchev, A. L. Sobolewski, and W. Domcke. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2010, 12, 5007.
V. B. Delchev and I. P. Ivanova. Monatsh. Chem., 2012, 143, 1141.
P. Kancheva, D. Tuna, and V. B. Delchev. J. Photochem. Photobiol. A, 2016, 321, 266.
M. Merchan, R. Gonzalez-Luque, T. Climent, L. Serrano-Andres, E. Rodriguez, M. Reguero, and D. Pelaez. J. Phys. Chem.B, 2006, 110, 26471.
Q. L. Nguyen, V. A. Spata, and S. Matsika. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2016, 18, 20189.
K. A. Kistler and S. Matsika. J. Phys. Chem. A, 2007, 111, 2650.
L. Lapinski, I. Reva, M. J. Nowak, and R. Fausto. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2011, 13, 9676.
R. Szabla, R. W. Gora, and J. Sponer. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2016, 18, 20208.
D. Hu, Y. F. Liu, A. L. Sobolewski, and Z. Lan. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2017, 19, 19168.
J. A. Berenbeim, S. Boldissar, F. M. Siouri, G. Gate, M. R. Haggmark, B. Aboulache, T. Cohen, and M. S. de Vries. J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 2017, 8, 5184.
I. G. Shterev and V. B. Delchev. Spectrochim. Acta Part A, 2014, 125, 384.
G. A. Andrienko. ChemCraft version 1.8 (Build 523a).
M. W. Schmidt et al. J. Comput. Chem., 1993, 14, 1347. GAMESS ver. 2009 (R3).
M. J. Frisch et al. Gaussian 03, Revision D.01. Gaussian, Inc., Wallingford CT, 2004.
R. J. Malone, A. M. Miller, and B. Kohier. Photochem. Photobiol., 2003, 77, 15864.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Text © The Author(s), 2019, published in Zhurnal Strukturnoi Khimii, 2019, Vol. 60, No. 6, pp. 937–947.
Funding
The authors acknowledge the Scientific Research Fund at the University of Plovdiv for the financial support (project No FP17-HF-013) of the activities connected with the dissemination of the results. We are also grateful to Prof. Petko Ivanov (Institute of Organic Chemistry BAS) for the given possibility to use the MADARA cluster resources (project No RNF01/0110) for the GAMESS-US computations.
Conflict of Interests
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interests.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Dimitrov, B.H., Bakalska, R.I. & Delchev, V.B. Phototautomerism of Isocytosine in a Water Medium: Theoretical and Experimental Study. J Struct Chem 60, 898–908 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0022476619060040
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0022476619060040